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Mozambique acknowledges that sound management of its natural resources and environmental control are essential for Mozambique's sustainable development.

The National strategy for agriculture, contained in the "Vision for agriculture" (2003), the "Priorities for agricultural development" (2006), and "Mozambique's green revolution" (2007), aims at ensuring, among others, the proper management of natural resources.

The main environmental issues currently affecting Mozambique include deforestation, desertification, degradation of coastal areas, loss of wildlife and other biodiversity resources, the use of environmentally harmful products and the continued use of obsolete and environmentally damaging technologies.

One of the government’s objectives in the energy sector is to improve the efficiency of energy use.

A National Strategy for Sustainable Development has been established to integrate environmental considerations into Mozambique’s economic policies and poverty alleviation programmes.

In 2007, Mozambique was upgraded from the IMF Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) and has since pursued a macroeconomic stabilization and structural reform programme for the 2008-10 period, aiming inter alia at improving the management of Mozambique's natural resources.

Export prohibition and licensing are in place to protect animal and plant health, as well as the environment, in compliance with MEAs.