Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/347 |
S-IV§19 |
Sri Lanka |
2016 |
Sectors |
Grants and direct payments |
Agriculture |
Relevant information
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The fertilizer subsidy has traditionally been provided to paddy farmers in order to improve agricultural sector growth, reach self-sufficiency, reduce the costs of production, and obtain the desired level of soil conservation. Since 2005, the three main fertilizers used in paddy production (urea, TSP, and MOP) have been made available at a subsidized price of Rs 350 per 50 kg bag, in straight form. In 2011, the Government made the fertilizer subsidy available to all crops.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/348 |
S-IV§19 |
Guatemala |
2016 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Energy |
Relevant information
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In 2015, the share of the electricity and water supply subsector in Guatemala's GDP was 2.4%, while mining and quarrying accounted for 1.8%. The energy sector has been expanding in recent years, with appreciable inflows of FDI mainly into electricity generation. This can be attributed to the country's natural resource endowments, the incentives for the development of renewable energies and the favourable outlook for the regional market. Several power generation plants are being built to use different types of technology and will add some 1,000 MW to the market in the coming years, helping to lower generation costs and boost exports to the region.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/349 |
S-IV§19 |
Solomon Islands |
2016 |
Sectors |
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Fisheries |
Relevant information
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PNA (Parties to the Nauru Agreement) members also use a number of measures to manage their stock; protect the marine ecosystem; and, combat illegal, undeclared and unreported (IUU) fishing. These include: closures of high seas pockets; seasonal bans on the use of fish aggregating devices (FAD); satellite tracking of boats; the presence of an observer on all purse seiners. Since January 2016, PNA members launched an initiative to levy a fee of US$1,000 per fishing day on each ship that sets FADs.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/312/REV.1 |
S-IV§19 |
Australia |
2015 |
Sectors |
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Agriculture |
Relevant information
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In the face of an increasingly variable climate, the Commonwealth Government provides a range of assistance to farmers and primary producers. During the review period, Australia reformed its drought assistance driven by the 2008 National Review of Drought Policy. In 2013, the Commonwealth, state and territory governments signed the Intergovernmental Agreement on National Drought Program Reform that outlines a new approach to drought programmes and aims to encourage farmers to prepare for, and manage the effects of, drought and other challenges, rather than relying on government support. A key step in this direction was the closure of the Exceptional Circumstances Interest Rate Subsidy on 30 June 2012, as well as that of the Exceptional Circumstances Arrangements on 30 June 2014. On 26 February 2014, as a result of prolonged and severe drought in some areas of Australia, a temporary $A 320 million drought assistance package was introduced for 2013/14 and 2014/15 only and included: more generous criteria for accessing income support as from early March 2014; drought concessional loans totalling $A 280 million for debt-restructuring, operating expenses and drought recovery and preparedness activities; assistance of up to $A 12 million for the installation of water related infrastructure; and, $A 10 million assistance to help reduce the impact of pest animals in drought affected areas. Furthermore, under the Water for the Future headline initiative, the 2013 Restoring the Balance in the Murray-Darling Basin programme involves purchasing of unencumbered water entitlements and encourages enhanced irrigation efficiency. Water savings generated through the use of these programmes are shared between proponents and the environment with at least 50% of the water savings transferred to the Commonwealth Government.
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Keywords
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Climate
Natural resources
Environment
Conservation
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/315/REV.1 |
S-IV§19 |
Chile |
2015 |
Sectors |
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Agriculture |
Relevant information
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(…) Public expenditure on agriculture continues to be targeted mainly at irrigation, soil reclamation, rural development, land management and financing. (…)
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/291/REV.1 |
S-IV§19 |
Tonga |
2014 |
Measures |
Tax concessions |
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Relevant information
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A fuel subsidy (fisheries fuel concession scheme) was introduced in 2000 to support the development of fisheries as a strategic industry (Table 4.2). Licenced fishers are thus exempted from the payment of excise taxes on motor fuels. The fuel concession is granted with respect to locally registered vessels, including foreign vessels registered in Tonga, as well as foreign fishing vessels that unload 50% of their catch in Tonga. The scheme is implemented by the Fuel Concession Committee of the Fisheries Department, which issues refuel certificates.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/338/REV.1 |
S-IV§19 |
United Arab Emirates |
2016 |
Sectors |
Ban/Prohibition, Other environmental requirements |
Fisheries |
Relevant information
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The main legislation for fisheries is Federal Law No. 23 of 1999 [9] and Ministerial Resolution No. 302 of 2001 [10] which required each emirate to establish a fishing regulation committee with responsibility for issuing fishing licences to fishermen, maintaining a register and issuing licences for fishing vessels and fishing equipment. The Law also provides the legal basis for subsidiary legislation on effort, catch, and gear restrictions and explicitly prohibits:
• all kinds of trawling nets, bottom set nets, nets made from nylon, and drift nets (Article 26) and fishing with explosives or chemicals (Article 34); and
• capture of sea turtles, fishing for sea mammals, or, except for research and with official permission, extraction of oysters, sponges, or coral (Article 28).
[9] Federal Law No. 23 of 1999 regarding the Exploitation, Protection and Development of Living Aquatic Resources in the waters of the state of the United Arab Emirates. Viewed at: http://faolex.fao.org/ [January 2016].
[10] Ministerial Resolution No. 302 of 2001 issuing the Implementing Regulation for Federal Law No. 23 of 1999 on the exploitation, protection and development of living aquatic resources in the United Arab Emirates. Viewed at: http://faolex.fao.org/ (Arabic only) [January 2016].
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/287/REV.1 |
S-IV§19 |
Viet Nam |
2013 |
Sectors |
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Agriculture |
Relevant information
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Other ministries responsible for some aspects of agricultural policy are: the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, responsible for land-use.
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Keywords
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Natural resources
Environment
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/278/REV.1 |
S-IV§19 |
Indonesia |
2013 |
Sectors |
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Fisheries |
Relevant information
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International recognition of the concept of the archipelagic state in 1982 permitted Indonesia to declare the waters separating its many islands to be an exclusive economic zone (EEZ), thereby giving the country effective control over the huge marine fisheries resources of this sea area. These resources began to be developed in 1987, both through issuing licences to foreign fishing fleets, and encouraging private (including foreign) investment in the fishing industry, especially in shrimp and tuna fisheries. These developments not withstanding, productivity in the sea- fishing industry has remained low, while overfishing in some areas is threatening to deplete fish stocks, especially in the western parts of the archipelago. Illegal fishing , by foreign and domestic operators, also remains a serious problem, causing considerable environmental damage and substantial revenue losses to Indonesia.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/389/REV.1 |
S-IV§19 |
Canada |
2019 |
Sectors |
Other support measures |
Agriculture |
Relevant information
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AgriInsurance makes available subsidized insurance, providing coverage for production losses due to natural disasters (weather-related, pests or disease). (...)
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