Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/355/REV.1 |
S-IV§57 |
Switzerland and Liechtenstein |
2017 |
Sectors |
Income or price support |
Energy |
Relevant information
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As an interim measure, on 21 June 2013 the Parliament adopted a partial revision of the energy law which entered into force on 1 January 2014 and increased the minimum amount of the "grid surcharge" from 1.3 centimes per KWh to 1.5 centimes per KWh, while exempting large electric consuming enterprises from it (i.e. the fee paid by the final consumer that covers the difference between the production cost and the market price, and guarantees producers of electricity from renewable sources - solar, wind, geothermal and bio-mass -) a price that corresponds to their production costs. A partial revision of the Law on the Use of Hydro-Force (RS 721.90) in 2012 also clarified that there is no obligation to tender for the award of concessions for electrical networks and hydropower plants, but that transparent and non–discriminatory procedures must be followed.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/355/REV.1 |
S-IV§59 |
Switzerland and Liechtenstein |
2017 |
Sectors |
Income or price support |
Energy |
Relevant information
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Other amendments contained in the first package of measures include the increase in the grid surcharge rate from SwF 0.015/KWh to SwF 0.023/KWh, including 1.3 ct/KWh for feed-in tariffs for renewables, 0.2 ct/KWh for investment aid for rooftop photovoltaic systems, 0.3 ct/KWh for support for large hydro which is suffering from depressed European wholesale prices, 0.2 ct/KWh for reimbursement of the grid surcharge to electricity-intensive industries, and 0.1 ct/KWh for renaturation of rivers and a few other measures to support renewables and energy efficiency. In addition, the feed-in tariffs will be replaced by feed-in premiums to entice producers to sell their electricity when demand is high, giving them an incentive to sell electricity when it is in short supply and thus fetches a higher price. This system is of limited duration, as it will only be granted for up to five years after the coming into force of the new law.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/355/REV.1 |
S-IV§61 |
Switzerland and Liechtenstein |
2017 |
Sectors |
Income or price support |
Energy |
Relevant information
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In addition, since prices in European electricity trading are exceptionally low due to overcapacity and faltering demand, most Swiss hydro-electric power stations can no longer cover their costs. Hence, as hydro-electric power is a mainstay of Swiss electricity supply, Parliament voted as part of the Energy Strategy 2050 not only to support new installations (where investment can be expected if and when prices recover), but also to grant financial support to existing ones. It will be possible to claim a market premium for electricity produced by large-scale Swiss hydro electric power stations which must be sold for less than the cost of production. This premium is capped (1.0 ct/KWh) and the total available financial resources are limited. This measure is valid for a period of five years and is financed by the network supplement paid by electricity consumers. In the meantime, a reform of the "water royalty"(i.e. the compensations granted to the local population whose activities have been affected by the construction of the hydro-electric facilities), which accounts for up to 25% of hydropower operating costs, is to be decided by 2019.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/362 |
S-IV§32 |
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2017 |
Sectors |
Income or price support |
Energy |
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(...) The Niger Hydrocarbons Company (SONIHY) and the Niger gas companies Niger Gaz and Soni Gaz are the three distributors which import, bottle and distribute butane gas. The price of a 12 kg cylinder is fixed at CFAF 3,750, but it appears that cylinders are traded at much higher prices on the markets. The justification for the subsidy is the implementation of a policy of combating deforestation.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/351/REV.1 |
S-IV§75 |
Japan |
2017 |
Sectors |
Income or price support |
Energy |
Relevant information
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This liberalization has not yet been translated into lower prices, due to the constraints created by the closing down of all nuclear plants in the aftermath of the Fukushima accident. Three nuclear power plants have so far resumed activity after their safety had been declared by the Nuclear Regulation Authority. This loss has been partly compensated by expensive imports of oil, gas and coal and the reactivation of thermal power plants. On average, tariffs for individual consumers have been raised by approximately 25% since the accident and there is no compensation scheme financed by the State for individual consumers. For energy intensive consuming industries, an exemption of 80% of the so called "feed in tariff" has been put into place, for an effective cost for the Government of ¥45 billion annually.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/366 |
S-IV§89 |
Malaysia |
2017 |
Sectors |
Income or price support |
Energy |
Relevant information
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The Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water is responsible for public policy and preparing legislation while the regulator is the Energy Commission. The Sustainable Energy Development Authority Malaysia (SEDA) was established under the Sustainable Energy Development Authority Act No. 726 of 2011 to administer and manage the feed-in tariff mechanism as required by the Renewable Energy Act No. 725 of 2011.
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Keywords
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Renewable
Energy
Sustainable
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/366 |
S-IV§92 |
Malaysia |
2017 |
Sectors |
Income or price support |
Energy |
Relevant information
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For electricity from renewable sources, SEDA sets the feed-in tariffs for electricity from solar photovoltaic (PV), biogas, biomass, small-scale hydro plants, and geothermal sources. The feed-in tariff varies depending on the source of electricity and the installed capacity, from RM 0.7424 per kWh for small solar PV installations to RM 0.24 per kWh for hydro plants with installed capacity of 10-30 MW. For solar PV, biogas, and biomass plants, the basic feed-in tariff may be adjusted to take account of various factors. These factors include the use of locally produced equipment when the adjustment is an additional RM 0.05 per kWh.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/352/REV.1 |
S-IV§31 |
Mexico |
2017 |
Sectors |
Income or price support |
Agriculture, Energy |
Relevant information
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The Rural Energy Law stipulates that a programme must be established annually by means of tariffs designed to stimulate the use of agricultural energy sources. These stimulus tariffs are applied to an "energy quota" determined by SAGARPA when electricity is put to specific uses, such as operating water pumping and booster equipment for agricultural irrigation. In 2015 2016, farmers on SAGARPA's list of beneficiaries of agricultural energy sources could also benefit from stimulus tariffs for the electricity consumed in aquaculture installations. The energy consumption quota per beneficiary at promotional prices and tariffs is delivered in accordance with the procedures laid down by SAGARPA. Applications are made per production cycle. The energy quota is openly allocated, with the list of beneficiaries being published on the Internet at the beginning of each production cycle.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/376/REV.1 |
S-IV§49 |
Israel |
2018 |
Sectors |
Income or price support |
Energy |
Relevant information
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The institutional framework for regulating electricity comprises the Ministry of Energy, the Electricity Authority, the Israeli Corporation Authority, and various other government institutions in the case of projects by independent power producers (IPPs). The Electricity Authority is responsible for, inter alia, (...) establishing the feed-in tariffs for renewable energy. (...)
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/376/REV.1 |
S-IV§51 |
Israel |
2018 |
Sectors |
Income or price support, Public procurement |
Energy |
Relevant information
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Israel has established targets for renewable energy generation for environmental reasons (Paris Agreement), with the share of renewables to rise from 5% in 2014, to 10% by 2020 and 17% by 2030. However, the transition to renewable energy sources is behind target (3% of total energy generation in 2017). Renewable electricity generation is encouraged through production quotas set by the Electricity Authority, which are eligible for feed-in tariffs. The production quotas are tendered (auctioned), using public procurement procedures. For solar PV capacity, the auctions in 2017 and 2018 are for about 1.2 GW, with supply contracts for 23 years at guaranteed feed-in tariffs.
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