Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/424/REV.1 |
S-4§115 |
Pakistan |
2022 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Energy |
Relevant information
|
4.115. Under the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) (Amendment) Act 2018, the Government is required to prepare a national electricity policy for the development of power markets, and a national electricity plan to implement the policy. The authorities state that the National Electricity Policy 2021 was developed, and the Plan is being developed. In particular, the Policy and the Plan aim to address the following issues: (...) Operation of power plants on part load: Partial loading of power plants due to, inter alia (...) back-up capacity to meet the intermittency of renewable projects (...)
|
Keywords
|
|
|
Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/425/REV.1 |
S-4§115 |
Switzerland and Liechtenstein |
2022 |
Sectors |
|
Energy |
Relevant information
|
4.115. Numerous measures have been implemented and incentives created to use renewable energy sources (e.g. financial subsidies for renewable energy sources like photovoltaic systems, heat pumps, district heating, improved building insulation, and building certificates like MINERGIE A). In addition to state subsidies, the municipalities also made an important contribution through their own measures including subsidies and energy consulting. All municipalities in Liechtenstein are certified by the European Energy Award and set measures to improve the energy efficiency of their own buildings.
|
Keywords
|
|
|
Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/425/REV.1 |
S-4§114 |
Switzerland and Liechtenstein |
2022 |
Sectors |
Other measures |
Energy |
Relevant information
|
4.114. Liechtenstein: The Energy Strategy 2020 was passed in 2012. It included the following goals for the period up to 2020:
• increasing energy efficiency by 20% to stabilize consumption compared to expected consumption without efficiency measures;
• increasing the proportion of domestic renewable energy sources to 20% of total energy requirements; and
• reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 20% compared to 1990.
|
Keywords
|
Emissions
Energy
Renewable
|
|
Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/410/REV.1 |
S-4§115 |
Viet Nam |
2021 |
Sectors |
Import tariffs |
Other |
Relevant information
|
4.115. Imports in 2018 amounted to more than USD 3 billion, (...) Applied tariffs range from zero to 14% (waste pharmaceuticals); (...).
|
Keywords
|
|
|
Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/397/REV.1 |
S-4§115 |
Japan |
2020 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Energy |
Relevant information
|
4.115. The Agency for Natural Resources and Energy and its Advisory Committee for Natural Resources and Energy in the METI are responsible for energy policy, planning, and legislation, as well as regulation of the industry. The Nuclear Regulation Authority in the Ministry of the Environment is responsible for the supervision of nuclear power plants.
|
Keywords
|
|
|
Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/397/REV.1 |
S-4§114 |
Japan |
2020 |
Sectors |
|
Energy |
Relevant information
|
4.114. The Government is in the process of adapting and expanding the efficiency monitoring process of the Energy Saving Act and its correlative schemes of sanctions and support mechanisms. A specific government effort is directed towards medium and small enterprises in that regard, via local support offices. During the period under review, the benchmark programme, which sets targets for energy consumption per unit of productions, etc. was extended to 16 industrial sectors.
|
Keywords
|
|
|
Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/395/REV.1 |
S-4§115 |
European Union |
2020 |
Sectors |
Environmental provisions in trade agreements |
Fisheries |
Relevant information
|
4.115. Regarding arrangements with non-EU countries, the EU has two types of fishing agreements with Norway, Iceland, the Faroe Islands under Northern Agreements; and the Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreements (SFPAs), in which the EU provides financial and technical support in exchange for fishing rights, mainly with developing countries. Each SFPA protocol specifies fishing opportunities, amounts and methods of payments, and sectoral support.
|
Keywords
|
|
|
Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/432/REV.1 |
S-4§114 |
Brazil |
2022 |
Sectors |
|
Energy |
Relevant information
|
4.114. The tariffs charged to the final consumers remain regulated by the National Agency for Electrical Energy (ANEEL) and vary depending on operational and other costs incurred by the distribution company. Several changes were introduced during the review period. A tariff flag system, which allows the monthly pass through of the extra costs of generating thermal energy to consumers, continued to be applied by all concessionaires connected to the National Integrated Grid (SIN) and to energy distribution concessionaires; the system is aimed at preventing energy distributors from experiencing financial problems again. (...) Industries can be credited with the Tax on the Circulation of Goods and Services (ICMS) according to their production processes. [169] (...)
[169] There are federal (PIS/COFINS), state (ICMS), local (CIP or COSIP (Contribuição para Custeio do Serviço de Iluminação Pública or Contribution for the Cost of Public Lighting) and other taxes/taxes CCC (Conta de Consumo de Combustíveis or Fuel Consumption Account) (...) CFURH (Compensação financeira pelo uso de recursos hídrico or Financial Compensation for the Use of Water Resources) included in the electricity bill.
|
Keywords
|
|
|
Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/434/REV.1 |
S-4§114 |
United States of America |
2022 |
Sectors |
Other measures |
Fisheries |
Relevant information
|
4.114. E.O. 13921 of 7 May 2020, known as the Seafood Competitiveness Executive Order, made several changes with the aim of improving the competitiveness of the U.S. seafood industry. [111] The main action points included: (i) removing barriers to U.S. fishing, to this end the Order instructed the USDOC to prepare a prioritized list of recommended actions to reduce burdens on domestic fishing and to increase production within sustainable fisheries, including a proposal for initiating each recommended action within one year of the date of the order; (ii) combating IUU fishing; (...). As at March 2022, NOAA had identified potential areas in federal waters off of southern California and the Gulf of Mexico to establish the first two AOAs, and was developing an Environmental Impact Statement for each region to identify the specific areas to be included in each AOA.
[111] The Order stated that it is "the policy of the Federal Government to: (...); (b) combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing; (...); (e) safeguard [U.S.] communities and maintain a healthy aquatic environment; (...)
|
Keywords
|
Environment
Fish
Sustainable
|
|
Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/415/REV.1 |
S-4§114 |
China |
2021 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Manufacturing |
Relevant information
|
4.114. Other strategic actions in machinery and equipment industries include: (i) the MIIT's Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Environmental Protection Equipment Manufacturing Industry, which set the goal of reaching a production value of CNY 1 trillion for environmental equipment manufacturing by 2020; and (ii) the Action Plans for High-End Smart Remanufacturing (2018-2020). (...).
|
Keywords
|
|
|