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Current support programmes target risk management, environmental conservation, and provision of general services. Total support to agriculture amounts to approximately 0.2% of GDP.

(…) During the review period competition-related legislative amendments included: the Telecommunications Legislation Amendment (National Broadband Network Measures—Access Arrangements) Act 2011; the Carbon Credits (Consequential Amendments) Act 2011; the Clean Energy (Consequential Amendments) Act 2011; the Clean Energy Legislation (Carbon Tax Repeal) Act 2014; and the Australian Energy Market Amendment (National Energy Retail Law) Act 2011. (...)

The entry into force of the Biosecurity Act (in 2015), two basic implementing regulations and a host of related legal instruments constitute a major recent development in the area of sanitary and phytosanitary measures in Australia. The legislation provides for risk analysis to be conducted through a regulated process (Biosecurity Import Risk Analysis) for goods in the review of existing trade, and in response to requests regarding products that have never been imported into Australia, or have not previously been imported from a particular country or region. As before, imports are not permitted unless the estimated biosecurity risks are "very low" (or lower).

In late 2011, the Commonwealth Government released its Strategic Framework for Alternative Transport Fuels that sets out a long-term strategic framework to support the market led development of alternative transport fuels in the context of maintaining liquid fuel security while moving toward a low emission economy. [109] (...)

[109] Alternative transport fuels include biofuels (such as ethanol and biodiesel), gaseous fuels (compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas) and synthetic fuels (coal to liquids, gas to liquids, biomass to liquids and shale to liquids).

Table 3.7 Imports subject to prohibition or non-automatic licensing, 2019
Item: Radioactive substances
Justification: Community protection/international commitments
Measure: Prohibited. Licensing and permit requirements are administered by the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency.

Table 3.11 Exports subject to licensing or other restrictions, 2019
Item: Hazardous waste
Justification: International commitments (Basel Convention, and OECD Council Decision C(92)39)
Measure: Prohibited unless permission has been issued by the Minister for the Environment or an authorized person. The type of permit depends on the country of destination.

Australia encourages the OECD to continue to undertake work of interest to Australia, including efforts focused on non-tariff measures, regional trade agreements (RTAs) and aspects of trade and environment

(…) Australia also collaborated closely with economies in developing the 2012 APEC List of Environmental Goods, for which tariffs will be reduced to 5% or less by the end of 2015.

The ACCC granted authorization to 35 arrangements covering a wide range of industries, including recycling programmes aimed at reducing waste from agricultural and veterinary chemicals

(…) During the review period, reforms were undertaken to develop a modern and responsive system that facilitates trade while managing biosecurity risks. (...)