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2.10. The growth rate for agriculture industry in 2022 was recorded at 0.9% from 3.8% recorded in 2021. This positive but slow growth was largely attributed to the adverse weather conditions experienced in 2022 as the country was hit by Tropical cyclones, Anna, Gombe, Dumako and Freddy which affected crop and animal production. The cyclones also affected large-scale agriculture, such as tobacco and sugarcane production. (...) The country experienced unfavourable weather conditions in form of Tropical Cyclone Freddy (TCF) and incessant rainfall which affected crop and animal production. This resulted in poor production in the main crops such as soybean. According to the 2023 Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) report, losses caused by TCF to the crop and livestock industry were estimated at USD55.01 million and USD3.04 million, respectively, across all the 16 affected districts. Furthermore, the northern region was affected by dry spells, which undermined rice production. (...)

2.8. (...) Furthermore, Tropical Cyclone Freddy (TCF) contributed to the negative performance of crop production as it swept away crop fields in the southern region of Malawi (...)

Table A3.2 Selected state-owned enterprises, March 2024
(...)
(Enterprises) Waste Management Corporation, (Government share (%)) 100, (Area of activity) Utility services
(...)

Table A3.1 Tariff lines where applied MFN rates are greater than bound rates, 2024
(...)
3923101000: Single-use or disposable boxes, cases, and similar articles of plastics: (MFN applied rate (%)) 200, (Bound rate (%)) 30
(...)
3924101010: Single-use drinking cups of plastics: (MFN applied rate (%)) 200, (Bound rate (%)) 30
3924101098: Single-use or disposable tableware and kitchenware of plastics: (MFN applied rate (%)) 200, (Bound rate (%)) 30
3924101099: Single-use or disposable plates, spoons, knives, forks and stirrers of plastics: (MFN applied rate (%)) 200, (Bound rate (%)) 30
(...)

Table A3.1 Tariff lines where applied MFN rates are greater than bound rates, 2024
(...)
2903710000: Chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) (FREON R-22): (MFN applied rate (%)) 100, (Bound rate (%)) 30
2903720000: Dichlorotrifluoroethane (HCFC-123) (FREON R-123): (MFN applied rate (%)) 100, (Bound rate (%)) 30
2903730010: Dichlororfluoroethane (HCFC-141B) (FREON R-141B): (MFN applied rate (%)) 100, (Bound rate (%)) 30
2903730011: Dichlorofluoroethanes (CFC-141) (FREON R-141): (MFN applied rate (%)) 100, (Bound rate (%)) 30
2903740010: Chlorodifluoroethane (HCFC-142B) (FREON R-142B): (MFN applied rate (%)) 100, (Bound rate (%))
2903740011: Chlorodifluoroethanes (HCFC-142) (FREON R-142B): (MFN applied rate (%)) 100, (Bound rate (%)) 30
(...)

4.142. The Fifth Tourism Master Plan envisages the creation of a small-grant scheme and a low cost climate financing fund. The small-grant scheme is expected to support atoll-based community coral reef conservation, with a particular focus on encouraging women to participate in such projects, while the climate fund will seek support from international initiatives and provide financial assistance for the implementation of climate adaptation measures by tourism operators. (...)

4.141. Maldives' tourism industry depends on the natural environment and is vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In August 2023, the Ministry of Tourism published the Maldives Tourism Climate Action Plan, which establishes a roadmap for the tourism sector's adaptation to climate change. The Action Plan proposed a series of measures, including encouraging greater use of "soft" engineering solutions that are more cost-effective and cause less damage to the surrounding natural environment (e.g. beach replenishment, construction of temporary sea walls or groynes using sandbags, coastal vegetation retention, and creation of artificial reefs) and increasing insurance coverage for tourism business assets. (...) the Maldives Climate Smart Tourism Program, a joint initiative between the Ministry of Tourism and the USAID Climate Adaptation Project, has been launched, providing financing and technical support. (...)

4.139. (...) Also, accommodation standards and effective waste management remain major concerns for the long-term development of the guesthouse segment, according to a report by the ADB.

4.129. In April 2023, the Ministry of Tourism issued the Fifth Tourism Master Plan with the aim of developing sustainable tourism. This latest Master Plan continues to prioritize extending the prospects of the fast-growing tourism sector to benefit wider communities, enhancing resilience to climate change, and improving the country's connectivity. The Fifth Master Plan proposed detailed strategies to achieve these policy priorities and sets a target of USD 6 billion for annual international tourism receipts by 2027.

4.89. (...) A recent UNDP report recommends that Maldives make disaster risk insurance for critical infrastructure compulsory, given Maldives' high susceptibility to sea level rise, coastal erosion, and other climate-related risks.