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The Minerals Action Plan is a time-bound comprehensive plan of actions that translates in concrete terms the commitment of the Government to attain sustainable development through responsible mining, including environmental protection programmes, among others

The Government's objective is the sustainable development of the mining potential and the products of small mines and quarries (for public works and construction) through the development of a phosphate and bauxite mine by 2025; the creation of a supportive framework for small-scale mining and quarrying; and the creation of 10,000 jobs in extraction – all within a framework of compliance with environmental standards. The aim is thus to triple the sector's value added (from CFAF 12 billion in 2013 to CFAF 36 billion in 2025).

Holders of mineral rights are required to implement an environmental management plan, and contribute to the development of local communities by entering into Community Development Agreements with them. (...)

Policy objectives are, inter alia, to sustain development of the country's mineral resources and to create employment opportunities by profitably exploiting Zimbabwe's natural resources for its socio-economic development, with environmental issues in mineral exploitation, as well as indigenization and empowerment issues being given due attention at project inception and development stages

All minerals, except petroleum and nuclear minerals, which are owned by the federal state, are constitutionally owned by the provinces. Provincial governments are responsible for the regulation of mining operations, including exploration, mineral development and safety issues. Federal responsibilities include geological surveys and mapping, national and international coordination, and formulation of national policies. A National Mineral Policy was adopted in 2013, which seeks to increase the economic contribution of the mining sector, attract foreign investment capital for the sector, ensure effective coordination between federal and provincial institutions, encourage small-scale mining, and ensure that mineral exploitation and production are environmentally sustainable.

Exploration and exploitation rights for bauxite, radioactive minerals, and hydrocarbons are granted by resolution drafted by the Ministry of Natural Resources and approved by the Council of Ministers, the state Council and the National Assembly; it enters into force after having been signed by the President and published in the Staatsblat. Exploration and exploitation rights for other minerals and building materials may be granted by the Minister of Natural Resources, and may only be transferred with the permission of the Minister.

Pursuant to a special tax regime negotiated in 2009, the operator of the Kumtor gold mine is subject to a 13% tax on gross revenue, a contribution (1% of gross revenue) to a fund for the development of the district where the mine is located, and a fixed environmental charge.

(...) The Mine and Minerals Act provides for security of tenure; a stable progressive fiscal regime that lessens the burden on marginal mines; clear licensing procedures; and environmental obligations that relate to international best practice.

PNG's key policy objective for the sector is "to double mineral exports, while minimizing the adverse impact on the environment". (...)

In volume terms, production of coal, iron ore, and petroleum have increased rapidly over the past decade while gold has declined (Table 4.7). In the future, copper production should increase quickly as commercial production at Oyu Tolgoi started in 2013. Various reports indicate that the decline in gold production may be less than official statistics indicate; illegal mining, which avoids royalties and environmental laws, has increased although the State has been making efforts to improve regulation of the sub sector.