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Table 2.1 Negative list for investment by overseas Chinese and foreign nationals (amended 17 June 2013)
1. Prohibited industries
Code No.: 18
Scope of industry: Manufacture of chemical material
Sub-item of Industry: 1810 Manufacture of basic chemical material
Description: CFC, halon, methylchoroform, carbon tetrachloride
Competent authorities: Environmental Protection Administration
Remarks: National treatment

The EU also maintains import restrictions on security and environmental grounds. Some such controls/restrictions stem from treaties and international conventions to which it, and/or its member States, are a party. That is the case of the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. In principle, imports (and exports) of such Ozone Depleting substances (ODS) are prohibited but there are exemptions to that prohibition, and those exemptions are subject to an import licensing scheme. [63] (...)

[63] Regulation (EC) No. 1005/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on substances that deplete the ozone layer (OJ L 286, 31 October 2009); for a list of the products subject to the scheme and a detailed description of the licensing regime see WTO document G/LIC/N/3/EU/3, 6 November 2014, pp. 24-30.

In addition, a tax exemption for fossil fuels is provided for some sectors, including agriculture and fishing, and the special-purpose tax on light oil (which is used for construction and maintenance of public roads) does not apply to non-road uses of light oils which includes fishing vessels. The authorities stated that other industrial activities, such as aquaculture, forestry, ceramics, and other railways are subject to the same treatment.

The Environmental Protection Levy (EPL) was introduced in FY 2007/08; it applied only to imports at a rate of 0.5% of the c.i.f. value. As from 1 June 2015, the EPL applies to the sale of all manufactured goods, locally produced and imported, including from CARICOM.

There are currently 34 domestic laboratories and institutions accredited for chemical testing , 17 for mechanical testing , three for electrical testing , 11 for biological testing , and six for calibration. Additionally, 20 medical laboratories, three certification bodies and 2 GHG validation/verification bodies are also accredited.

New organisms, including GMOs, are regulated through the 1996 Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act. Under HSNO, all new organisms are prohibited from importation, development, field testing or release without formal approval from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which is required to take into account various factors related to the potential risks and benefits of the proposal. These include environmental, economic, social, cultural, and public health considerations. The MPI ensures that the controls placed on new organism approvals by the EPA are complied with.

Table 3.4 Import licensing procedures, 2015
Product - Agency responsible - Domestic legislation
Toxic chemical substances and materials - Licensing Chamber - Law No. 451-XV of 30 July 2001 on Business Activity Licensing; and Law No. 160 of 22 July 2011 on regulating the authorization of entrepreneurial activity

Halogenated hydrocarbons that deplete the ozone layer - Ministry of Environment - Law No. 852-XV of 14 February 2002 for approving the Regulation on trade regime and regulating the use of halogenated hydrocarbons that are depleting the ozone layer
(...)

(...) Switzerland signed WIPO's Marrakesh VIP Treaty on 28 June 2013, and ratified the Nagoya Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity on 11 June 2014. [167] (...)

[167] Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted on 29 October 2009. The treaty entered into force for Switzerland on 12 October 2014.

The import of certain goods may be prohibited or require an authorization or registration for reasons of public health or morals, and also to protect the environment, national security or to comply with the commitments undertaken in international agreements signed by Peru.

Exports of seashells species, sea turtles, and sea cucumber are also banned