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Table A3. 4 Selected sub-federal subsidy schemes for "greener" energy
- State: MD
- Authority: Renewable Fuels Promotion Act of 2005
- Form of subsidy: Biofuels production credits (tax credit)
- Objective: Promote ethanol and biodiesel production
- Recipients: Ethanol and biodiesel producers. Ethanol and biodiesel producers may apply to the Renewable Fuels Incentive Board for ethanol and biodiesel production credits
- Description : To be eligible for the credits, the producer must first apply to the Board in order to receive certification as a producer. Ethanol production credits are as follows: a) US$0.20/gallon of ethanol produced from small grains, and b) US$0.05/gallon of ethanol produced from other agricultural products. The Board may not certify ethanol production credits for more than a total of 15 million gallons per calendar year, of which at least 10 million gallons must be produced from small grains. Biodiesel production credits are as follows: a) US$0.20/gallon of biodiesel produced from soybean oil (the soybean oil must be produced in a facility or through expanded capacity of a facility that began operating after 31 December 2004), and b) US$0.05/gallon for biodiesel produced from other feedstocks (including soybean oil produced in a facility that began operating on or before 31 December 2004)
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Source: WTO document G/SCM/N/284/USA, 18 November 2015.

Table A3. 4 Selected sub-federal subsidy schemes for "greener" energy
- State: MD
- Authority: Energy Administration
- Form of subsidy: Clean energy incentive income tax credit
- Objective: Promote the use of certain renewable energy sources or waste materials to produce electricity
- Recipients: Businesses using certain renewable energy sources or waste materials to produce electricity sold to unrelated person
- Description : Credit is US$0.0085/kWh of electricity produced at a Maryland facility using qualified energy resources during the five-year period after the facility is originally placed in service. Use of primarily qualified energy resources including any solid, non-hazardous, cellulosic waste material segregated from other waste materials and derived from: forest-related resources, including mill residues (except sawdust and wood shavings), forest thinning, slash, or brush, but excluding old-growth timber; waste pallets, crates, and dunnage, landscape or right-of-way trimmings; agricultural sources (orchard tree crops, vineyard, grain, legumes, sugar, and other crop by-products or residues)
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Source: WTO document G/SCM/N/284/USA, 18 November 2015.

Table A3. 4 Selected sub-federal subsidy schemes for "greener" energy
- State: MD
- Authority: Dept. of Business and Economic Development
- Form of subsidy: Maryland cellulosic ethanol R&D tax credit
- Objective: Promote R&D in cellulosic ethanol technology
- Recipients: Businesses that incur qualified cellulosic ethanol technology research and development expenses in Maryland
- Description : The amount of the income tax credit is 10% of the "qualified research and development expenses" paid or incurred by an individual or business during the previous tax year for investment in cellulosic ethanol technology with a limit of US$250,000
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Source: WTO document G/SCM/N/284/USA, 18 November 2015.

Table A3. 4 Selected sub-federal subsidy schemes for "greener" energy
- State: MA
- Authority: Green Jobs Act of 2008
- Form of subsidy: Massachusetts Clean Energy Center - Commonwealth Hydropower (grants)
- Objective: Increase the output of the Commonwealth's hydropower assets
- Recipients: Projects that can demonstrate a high likelihood of qualifying for the Massachusetts Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard
- Description : Grants are capped at the lesser of US$600,000 or 50% of actual costs, or US$1/incremental kWh/year. Grants for feasibility studies are capped at the lesser of US$40,000 or 80% of actual costs
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Source: WTO document G/SCM/N/284/USA, 18 November 2015.

Table A3. 4 Selected sub-federal subsidy schemes for "greener" energy
- State: MA
- Authority: Green Jobs Act of 2008
- Form of subsidy: Massachusetts Clean Energy Center - Commonwealth Commercial Wind (grants and loans)
- Objective: Encouraging development of responsibly sited commercial electric generating facilities employing wind energy technologies.
- Recipients: Landowners and new wind project developers for land-based projects greater than 2 MW that cannot be net metered
- Description : The wind project must have three turbines or more. Applicants can include private and public entities such as federal, state and local governments. Funding for site assessments, wind resource assessments, feasibility studies and development activities including interconnection. Benefits include up to US$55,000 in grants per project for feasibility studies. Up to US$250,000 in unsecured loans bearing interest at the prime rate plus 2% for development activities. A cost share is required
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Source: WTO document G/SCM/N/284/USA, 18 November 2015.

Table A3. 4 Selected sub-federal subsidy schemes for "greener" energy
- State: MA
- Authority: Green Jobs Act of 2008
- Form of subsidy: Massachusetts Clean Energy Center - Commonwealth Wind Community Scale Initiative (grants)
- Objective: Encourage wind projects
- Recipients: Projects proposed by any residential, commercial, industrial, institutional or public entity in Massachusetts
- Description : Project nameplate capacity must be greater than or equal to 100 kW, and project's utility meter to be grid connected. At least 50% of the renewable energy produced to be used behind the meter or assigned through the net metering provisions of the Green Communities Act based on annual production and usage estimate. Grants vary based on size and other characteristics of the wind project. Non-public entities have a 20% cost share requirement associated with the grant
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Source: WTO document G/SCM/N/284/USA, 18 November 2015.

Table A3. 4 Selected sub-federal subsidy schemes for "greener" energy
- State: MA
- Authority: Green Jobs Act of 2008
- Form of subsidy: Massachusetts Clean Energy Center - Investments in Job Creation (financing)
- Objective: Encourage growth capital investments that support the expansion of a clean energy company's operations in Massachusetts
- Recipients: Clean energy companies that demonstrate significant job creation and economic development in the Commonwealth
- Description : The investment structure and amount depends on the applicant's growth trajectory and geography
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Source: WTO document G/SCM/N/284/USA, 18 November 2015.

Table A3. 4 Selected sub-federal subsidy schemes for "greener" energy
- State: MA
- Authority: Green Jobs Act of 2008
- Form of subsidy: Massachusetts Clean Energy Center - Investments in the Advancement of Technology (financing)
- Objective: Promote venture capital equity investments in promising early-stage Massachusetts clean energy companies
- Recipients: Early-stage clean energy companies contributing to the advancement of one or more listed clean energy or energy efficient technologies
- Description : Clean energy companies developing and commercializing technologies contributing to advancement of various clean energy or energy efficient technologies. Listed clean energy or energy efficient technologies include solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, wind power, geothermal, biofuels and hydrogen. Seed venture investments up to US$500,000 in the form of a suitable equity instrument, depending on the applicant's circumstance
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Source: WTO document G/SCM/N/284/USA, 18 November 2015.

Table A3. 4 Selected sub-federal subsidy schemes for "greener" energy
- State: MA
- Authority: Green Jobs Act of 2008
- Form of subsidy: Massachusetts Clean Energy Center - Catalyst Program (grants)
- Objective: Support demonstration of commercial viability of clean energy technologies
- Recipients: A principal investigator with technology disclosed to a host institution located in Massachusetts
- Description : The aim is not to perfect technology but its development to a point where features can attract additional commercialization funding. Maximum award is US$40,000
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Source: WTO document G/SCM/N/284/USA, 18 November 2015.

Table A3. 4 Selected sub-federal subsidy schemes for "greener" energy
- State: MA
- Authority: Massachusetts Clean Energy Center
- Form of subsidy: The Commonwealth Solar II Rebate Program II (rebates)
- Objective: Rebates for homeowners and businesses in Massachusetts installing solar photovoltaics (PV)
- Recipients: Various commercial, industrial, non-profit and government entities
- Description : Rebates granted through non-competitive application process for the installation by professional, licensed contractors. For all systems, rebates calculated by multiplying per watt incentive (base incentive plus adders) times nameplate capacity of system, up to 5 kW; non-residential projects eligible only if total capacity under 10 kW. Benefits are: (1) Residential: up to US$8,500 per/yr (with all extra incentives except for the disaster relief incentive); (2) commercial: US$4,250 (per host customer). The per watt incentives are capped at 5KW per project, and are measured by energy production capacity and not actual production
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Source: WTO document G/SCM/N/284/USA, 18 November 2015.