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Moreover, the system for the prior authorization of investment by the CSI (Higher Investment Commission) (Section 2.5.2) constitutes an additional barrier to investment in industry, but appears to have been on the reform programme for 2016. The "strategic" industries subject to specific legislation "taking into consideration energy consumption, subsidies and pollution"1.1. include the following:
• mechanical carpet weaving;
• fabrication of bars, angles, shapes and sections, and concrete reinforcing bars;
• manufacture of lime and cement; and
• flat glass.

Fiscal expenditure has continued to favour weakly funded areas that would help promote people's livelihood, energy conservation, emission reduction, and ecological environment and so forth. (...)

(...) Financial reform was broadened along new horizons and structural adjustment, economic transformation and upgrading were provided with a neutral and moderate monetary and financial environment, to promote the scientific and sustainable development of economy.

Adhering to the concepts of innovative, coordinated, green, open and sharing development, the Chinese government has continued to focus on improving the quality and benefits of economic development and further intensified its efforts in stabilizing growth and adjusting structure. (...)

(...) In 2014, 6 consumption projects were conducted in information consumption, green consumption, stabilization of housing consumption, improvement of cultural, educational and sports consumption, upgrading of tourism and leisure consumption, and elderly care, housekeeping and health consumption. 2.8 trillion yuan of relevant consumptions were driven by 3 trillion yuan of investment in the above areas.

The Chinese government has continued to pay attention to playing the crucial role of investment and has increased effective investment to bolster areas of weakness and adjust structure. Investment arranged in the central budget mainly went to low-income housing, infrastructure in the areas of agriculture, water conservancy, and railway, people's livelihood projects such as those in social services, as well as energy conservation, emission reduction, and ecological environment. (...)

(...) The Chinese government has focused on promoting the development of emerging industries such as energy conservation and environment protection, and endeavoured to cultivate a sound policy and institutional environment for the development of the service sector.

The Chinese government has promoted the reform of scientific and technological systems in an all-round way, pressed ahead with improvements in innovation capacity in an orderly fashion, and built a group of new technological centres, research centres and laboratories of enterprises recognized by the State. It has actively implemented the guiding opinions on the Internet Plus action and identified 11 priorities, i.e. Internet Plus entrepreneurship and innovation, collaborative manufacturing, modern agriculture, smart energy, inclusive finance, people-benefiting services, efficient logistics, electronic commerce, convenient transportation, green ecology and artificial intelligence.

The Chinese government attaches great importance to conserving resources, protecting environment and addressing climate change and has been vigorously promoting energy conservation, emission reduction, and pollution prevention and control, proactively dissolving excess and outdated production capacity in steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and other industries of high energy consumption and high emission, treating these tasks as important component of China's efforts in the adjustment of industrial structure and transformation of its economic development pattern. Control over total coal consumption is adopted in key cities for air pollution treatment, and the action plan for the energy-conserving and emission-reducing upgrading and transformation of coal-fired power plants has been thoroughly implemented. Pilots of carbon emissions permit trading are run in seven localities including Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Guangdong, Hubei and Shenzhen.

Prominent effects have been made in energy conservation and emission reduction, and profound changes have taken place in the energy consumption structure. In the past three years, China has accumulatively closed down backward production capacities of over 90 million tons in iron-making and steel production, 230 million tons in cement, more than 76 million weight cases in plate glasses and over 1 million tons in electrolytic aluminum. The energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP has dropped by 13.5% in cumulative terms. In 2015, the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission per unit GDP dropped by 5.6% and over 6.6% respectively. Sulfur dioxide emission, chemical oxygen demand and emissions of ammonia nitrogen and nitrogen oxides dropped by 5.8%, 3.1%, 3.6% and 10.9% respectively. The proportion of coal consumption in total energy consumption in 2015 dropped by 4.5 percentage points compared to that of 2012, while the share of clean energy such as hydropower, wind power, nuclear power and natural gas rose by 3.4 percentage points.