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Since 2011, the Government has targeted its public investment policy on upgrading infrastructure in the energy, transport and communications sectors. This policy was defined in the Niger Renaissance Programme, a second component of which was launched in 2016. This programme prioritizes water management and the development of irrigation to reduce the dependence of agricultural production on weather conditions, notably through the implementation of the 3N Initiative (Niger Feeds Niger). The second Economic and Social Development Plan (PDES) 2017 2021 aims to maintain these priorities.

Niger applies the WAEMU community regulations imposing bans on import, export, storage and transit with a view to protecting the health and safety of the population and the environment (common report, section 3.1.8). Prohibitions and licensing also apply under multilateral agreements, including the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) ; and the Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer. The import (as well as the possession, transport, sale or exchange) of arms and ammunition requires an authorization from the Ministry responsible for the interior. The import of explosive substances for use in mines, quarries and public works, as well as in agriculture, must receive prior authorization from the Minister responsible for mining.

(...) The import and transit of industrial or nuclear waste have been banned since 1989. [23] Furthermore, all imports or exports of grains or forest plant material require prior authorization from the Minister responsible for forestry. (...)

[23] Ordinance No. 89 24 of 8 December 1989 prohibiting the import of toxic industrial and nuclear waste; and the Bamako Convention on the Ban of the Import into Africa and the Control of Transboundary Movement and Management of Hazardous Waste within Africa, which came into force in March 1996.

The production, import, and sale of bags and wrapping made of low density flexible plastic have been banned since 2015, but this measure is apparently not applied. [29] (...)

[29] Law No. 2014 63 of 5 November 2014 banning the production, import, sale, use and storage of bags and wrapping of low density flexible plastic, and its implementing Decree No. 2015 321 PRN/MESU/DD of 25 June 2015.

Thus, food security is at the heart of Niger's agricultural policy. Water management and the development of irrigation to reduce the dependence of agricultural production on weather conditions are two of its core components. (...)

INRAN (Niger National Institute for Agricultural Research) includes Regional Centres; research stations and support units; and Regional Agricultural Research Committees (CORA). The CORAs include representatives of all the stakeholders (technical personnel, local leaders, NGOs, advisory services, etc.). They identify the problems faced by the producers (i.e. their needs) and establish research priorities accordingly. INRAN's research work involves a wide range of topics including irrigated and rain fed crops, natural resource management, production systems and technology transfer, the improvement of livestock production, the processing and development of agricultural products, and the production of improved seeds. For these purposes the Institute operates a laboratory for analysing soils, plants and water; a food technology laboratory; and entomology and phytopathology laboratories.

The Ministries responsible for agricultural development, animal resources (livestock and fisheries), water engineering, the environment and combating desertification deal with the main agri food related policies and services.

Apart from the ban on the exporting (and domestic slaughtering) of breeding females of all breeds, in 2016 Niger issued an urgent order forbidding the export of asses, as exports were putting the species at risk of extinction (the price of donkeys had almost quintupled, from CFAF 30,000 to CFAF 150,000 ); however, according to the authorities, this order is not being applied.

(...) Renewables currently account for less than 1% of end energy consumption. As well as immense reserves of coal, the country also has gold deposits, with panning for gold posing social and environmental problems.

(...) The Niger Hydrocarbons Company (SONIHY) and the Niger gas companies Niger Gaz and Soni Gaz are the three distributors which import, bottle and distribute butane gas. The price of a 12 kg cylinder is fixed at CFAF 3,750, but it appears that cylinders are traded at much higher prices on the markets. The justification for the subsidy is the implementation of a policy of combating deforestation.