Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/373 |
S-IV§78 |
Norway |
2018 |
Sectors |
Other environmental requirements |
Fisheries |
Relevant information
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Management of the aquaculture sector involves several regulations under the auspices of the Directorate of Fisheries, in particular for licensing, fees, and controls (Table 4.12). A new regulatory proposal for the sector was presented to the Storting in 2015 on growth and environmental aspects in particular, with the new system now in place (see Section 4.1.3.3).
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Keywords
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/373 |
S-Table-IV.14 |
Norway |
2018 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Fisheries |
Relevant information
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Table 4.14 Overview of Norway's international agreements in fisheries, 2017
Agreement Overview Details
(…)
Coastal state:
(…)
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) 12 parties Contribute to long-term conservation, optimal exploitation and rational management of fishery resources in the convention area
South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) Angola, Namibia, South Africa, European Union, Norway, Japan and South Korea Long-term and sustainable use of marine resources
(...)
International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) 51 parties Preserve and manage tuna and tuna-like species in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean
North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission (NAMMCO) Norway, Greenland, the Faroe Islands and Iceland Cooperation on research, conservation and management of marine mammals in the North Atlantic
International Whaling Commission (IWC) 89 parties Conservation of whales and science-based management of whaling
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Keywords
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Conservation
Fish
Natural resources
Wildlife
Sustainable
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/373 |
S-IV§85 |
Norway |
2018 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Energy, Manufacturing |
Relevant information
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(...) Although still mostly an urban phenomenon, the number of electric vehicles increased by 40% during 2016, and total registrations passed the 100,000 mark in early 2017. Pilot projects have been developed for the use of electricity in public transport, including coastal traffic. The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate has estimated that a complete shift to electricity in the transportation of passengers (including all passenger motor vehicles) would expand the domestic consumption of electricity by 7 TWh annually, an increase that could be absorbed entirely within the production capacity of existing power stations. (...)
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Keywords
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/373 |
S-IV§88 |
Norway |
2018 |
Sectors |
Internal taxes |
Energy |
Relevant information
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(…) Recent reductions in the general corporate tax rate have been balanced by commensurate increases in the special petroleum tax to maintain a marginal tax rate of 78%. [83] (…)
[83] For 2018, petroleum companies are subject to ordinary corporate income tax (23%), special petroleum tax (55%), as well as taxes on emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. (...)
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Keywords
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/373 |
S-Box-IV.2 |
Norway |
2018 |
Sectors |
Risk assessment, Other environmental requirements |
Energy |
Relevant information
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The Petroleum Act No. 72 of 29 November 1996 stipulates that the property rights to the petroleum resources on the Norwegian Continental Shelf are vested in the Norwegian State. The Act also provides the legal basis for a licensing system that allows companies to engage in petroleum activities. As a starting point, an area on the Continental Shelf must have been formally opened for petroleum activities before any such activity may take place. The Ministry of Petroleum and Energy is required to carry out a strategic impact assessment for the area in question, including evaluations of the possible environmental, economic, and social effects, before the Norwegian Parliament decides whether or not to open a new area of the Continental Shelf to petroleum activities. The Ministry organizes licensing rounds in open areas by first inviting existing licensees and prequalified companies to nominate geographically limited areas (so-called blocks) to be included in the new round. A public consultation procedure is also undertaken to assess, for example, environmental and fisheries-related aspects before the Government decides which blocks to include in the next licensing round. A production licence grants exclusive rights to exploration, exploration drilling, and production of petroleum in the designated block, and regulates the rights and obligations of the licensee vis-à-vis the Norwegian State. (...) The licensees are also liable for any pollution damage, irrespective of fault, during exploration and production.
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Keywords
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Energy
Environment
Pollution
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/373 |
S-IV§96 |
Norway |
2018 |
Sectors |
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Energy |
Relevant information
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Approximately 70 energy-related EU directives and regulations have so far been incorporated into the EEA Agreement, including legislation essential to meet the targets of the EU 2020 climate and energy package, [89] i.e. a 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (from the 1990 level) with binding national targets in combination with the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), a 20% share of renewables in the energy supply with binding national targets, and a 20% improvement in energy efficiency. New targets were subsequently set by EU leaders in October 2014 for greenhouse gas emissions (-40%), renewables (27%), and energy efficiency (27%) with their approval of the 2030 climate and energy framework. Norway has adopted the same targets for emissions and energy efficiency. Norway submitted its national plan for renewable energy in June 2012, and reports its results bi-annually to the EFTA Surveillance Authority. The traditional dominance of renewable sources in the domestic energy supply provides Norway with a different point of departure than most EU member States. With a share of renewables of 59.8% in 2005 according to EU definitions, Norway's target for 2020 was set at 67.5%. The reported share in 2014 was 69.2%.
[89] The 2020 package includes four Directives of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009: (i) Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (...) (ii) Directive 2009/29/EC amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to improve and extend the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme of the Community; (iii) Directive 2009/30/EC (...) introducing a mechanism to monitor and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (...) (v) Directive 2009/125/EC of 21 October 2009 establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products (recast); (vi) Decision No. 406/2009 of 23 April 2009 on the effort of Member States to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to meet the Community’s greenhouse gas emission reduction commitments up to 2020; (vii) Regulation (EC) No. 443/2009 of 23 April 2009 setting emission performance standards for new passenger cars as part of the Community’s integrated approach to reduce CO2 emissions from light-duty vehicles; (viii) Directive 2010/30/EU of 19 May 2010 on the indication by labelling and standard product information of the consumption of energy and other resources by energy-related products (recast); (ix) Directive 2010/31/EU of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast); and (x) Directive 2012/27/EU of 25 October 2012 on energy efficiency, amending Directives 2009/125/EC and 2010/30/EU and repealing Directives 2004/8/EC and 2006/32/EC.
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Keywords
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Climate
Emissions
Energy
Green
Renewable
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/373 |
S-IV§97 |
Norway |
2018 |
Sectors |
Tax concessions |
Energy |
Relevant information
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The Norwegian Government submitted a white paper on Norway's energy policy to Parliament in April 2016 listing four priorities towards 2030: (i) robust security of supply; (ii) profitable exploitation of renewable energy; (iii) more efficient and climate friendly use of energy; and (iv) sectoral development based on efficient use of renewable sources of energy. The paper does not set specific numerical targets, but notes that the development of Norway's remaining hydropower resources appears to offer the most cost efficient addition to the existing energy supply. Technological developments have reduced the costs of land-based wind power, and the 2015 production level (2.5 TWh) could be significantly increased with the completion of concessions granted (12 TWh) and applications under consideration (14 TWh). (...)
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Keywords
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/373 |
S-IV§98 |
Norway |
2018 |
Sectors |
Internal taxes |
Energy |
Relevant information
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As of 1 January 2018, the electricity rates paid by households and services industries include an electricity tax of NKr 0.1658 per KWh. (...) Moreover, the tariffs households pay to their suppliers of electricity include the costs of "green" certificates the suppliers must purchase to finance renewable energy projects. (...)
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Keywords
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/373 |
S-IV§99 |
Norway |
2018 |
Sectors |
Grants and direct payments |
Energy |
Relevant information
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Norway and Sweden have operated a joint market for "electricity certificates" since 1 January 2012. The purpose of the scheme is to expand the annual production of renewable energy by 28.4 TWh by 2020. The financing is split in fixed proportion between the consumers in Norway (13.2 TWh) and Sweden (15.2 TWh) but it is de-linked from where the expansion actually takes place. The scheme, which grants a payment per MWh to the producer of the additional renewable energy, is applicable to new installations commissioned before 31 December 2021. The certificates are granted for 15 years, but will be valid no further than the end of 2035. The Norwegian Government noted in its 2016 white paper on energy policy that, while the scheme has promoted the exploitation of wind power and the construction of small hydropower stations, it has not furthered technological development or innovation. The Government will therefore not introduce new targets for the "electricity certificate" scheme upon its expiry in 2021.
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Keywords
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/373 |
S-IV§100 |
Norway |
2018 |
Sectors |
Loans and financing |
Energy |
Relevant information
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The Climate and Energy Fund is financed through the State Budget and the electricity tax levied on the users. The fund finances the activities of Enova SF, a state enterprise reporting to the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy (MPE). The framework for the social mission of Enova is established in four-year agreements with the Norwegian Government (through the MPE). The current agreement covers the period 2017-2020. According to Enova's annual report for 2016, the enterprise received fresh funds totalling NKr 2.29 billion and made new commitments totalling NKr 2.57 billion in energy and climate projects. Enova provides investment support for energy efficiency and energy transition activities undertaken by businesses and industry, the public sector, and households. It also operates an advisory service, drawing on the experience of managing several thousand projects relating to climate-friendly uses, energy efficiency, energy conservation and recovery, and sustainable energy production. Projects with anticipated energy results exceeding 9 TWh were realized with the help of Enova between 2012 and 2016.
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Keywords
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Climate
Conservation
Energy
Sustainable
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