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Annex II thereof, on thematic priorities for assistance, indicates that assistance will be aimed at "increasing the ability of the agri-food sector to cope with competitive pressure and market forces as well as to progressively align with the Union rules and standards, while pursuing economic, social and environmental goals in balanced territorial development of rural areas".

Regarding the TRIPS Agreement, North Macedonia supports the protection of biodiversity and traditional knowledge, and a higher level of protection for products with geographical indications.

Stabilization and Association Agreement (SAA) with the European Union
The SAA also includes provisions on, inter alia, rules of origin, export duties and restrictions, standards, trade defence instruments, investment, intellectual property, government procurement, competition, environment, and cooperation on a wide range of activities.

Tariff lines where applied MFN rates may exceed bound rates, 2019
Tariff code Product description Tariff 2019 Bound tariff
3824740000 Containing hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), whether or not containing perfluorocarbons (PFCs) or hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), but not containing chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) 6 0
3824781000 Containing PFCs) or HFCs, but not containing CFCs or HCFCs 6 0

The importation of certain goods (...) into North Macedonia is prohibited for reasons related mainly to the protection of national security, public morals, the environment, health, endangered species, and national treasures of artistic, historical or archaeological value.

Specifically, import licensing administered by the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning, and the Radiation Safety Directorate is aimed at protecting human, animal or plant life or health and/or conserving exhaustible natural resources.

The export of certain products from North Macedonia is prohibited or is subject to licensing for reasons of the protection of (...) the environment. Products subject to prohibition or export licensing are identified in the annexes to the Decision on Classification of Goods into Forms of Export and Import. (...) [41]
[41] WTO document WT/TPR/S/290, 23 October 2013, Table 3.8.

Support measures under the Programme for Competitiveness, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 2019
Category of support Policy objective/purpose Form of support Annual budget MKD
Implementation of industrial policy Increase businesses' competitiveness in the (...) (...)
processing industry: (...) (iv) energy-efficiency projects
and/or introduction of ISO 50001; (...) (viii) project
documentation for installation of photovoltaic panels for
electricity generation from renewable energies. 2. Organize
specialized training in the processing industry: (...)
(iii) on the "greening of manufacturing industries"; and
(iv) on the concept of circular economy in the manufacturing industry.

According to the Mineral Resources Law, 2012 [14], the Government is the grantor of concessions. The inspection of the implementation of the Law is monitored by the State Inspectorate for Technical Inspection. Environmental aspects are dealt with by the State Environmental Inspectorate, and the supervision and control over the payment of the mining fees is in the remit of the Public Revenue Office.
[14] Official Gazette No. 136/12 of 5 November 2012.

The Law on Animal By-Products regulates the categorization, collection, transport, removal, processing, use and storage of animal by-products from the aspect of animal health protection, veterinary public health and environmental protection.