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3.12. The Development Plan aims to foster the establishment of "One Centre, One Platform" by developing the MSAR into a resident-friendly, business-friendly, commuter-friendly, tourist-friendly and entertainment-friendly city. To achieve these objectives, the Development Plan has rolled out the goals, which are (...) enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of environmental protection, to name a few.

3.16. Protection of the environment is another fundamental in cultivating the MSAR as a more liveable city under the Development Plan. In recent years, waste management and improvement of air quality are the two main areas of concern of the MSAR Government. With respect to treatment of waste, the MSAR Government promotes the "polluter pays" principle, encourages the reduction and recycling of plastics as well as other wastes, optimizes the recycling facilities and other environmental protection infrastructures. Placing great emphasis upon waste reduction at source, the MSAR Government introduced a levy on plastic bags in November 2019, and launched a new recycling program in January 2020 for electronic and electrical devices. On improvement of air quality, the MSAR Government has raised the vehicle emission standards intending to reduce exhaust emissions from motor vehicles.

4.4. Under the umbrella of the Agreement [The Hong Kong SAR and Macao SAR Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement] (...) both sides have undertaken commitments that go beyond those under the WTO, Macao, China has made new commitments with respect to (...) environmental services, recreational, cultural and sporting services, as well as transport services.

3.55. (...) Under Law No. 7/2014, the Government may set a prohibition or restriction on trade in goods and/or services in the national interest to protect: (...) animals, fish, plants, and the environment; natural resources from excessive use for production and consumption; (...)

3.57. During the review period, Indonesia continued to explicitly or implicitly restrict imports of some products (eg. (...) and ozone-depleting substances) through licensing and state trading requirements (...) At the time of the previous Review, imports subject to quantitative restrictions on (...) and certain ozone-depleting substances were in place.

3.59. (...) During the review period, the regulatory framework of import licensing was expanded and revised for several items, including: (...) ozone-depleting substances; non-hazardous and non toxic waste; (...)

3.61. In certain cases, the issue of import authorizations for some products remains subject, inter alia, to use-related (e.g. (...) ozone-depleting substances, (...))

3.73. During the review period, Indonesia continued to use local content requirements (LCRs) to protect and develop domestic industries. (...) power generation (varying levels on goods and services used in power plants, including steam, hydroelectric, geothermal (with a combined value of minimum local contents in goods and services varying from 28.95% to 42%, depending on the development capacity), gas, solar (60% in solar modules and 100% in services, since 2019), and in the transmission and distribution network);

3.77. During the review period, Indonesia continued to use export taxes as a policy tool for (...) reducing the rate of depletion of non renewable mining resources. (...) Export tax revenue from palm oil is directed to a state-administered fund, the Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Fund, that is used to finance biofuel subsidies (...)

3.78. (...) the Government may set a prohibition or restriction on trade (including exports) in goods and/or services in the national interest, to protect: economic sovereignty; national security; public morals and culture; the health and safety of humans, animals, fish, plants, and the environment; natural resources from excessive use for production and consumption (...)