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4.1. (...). Forests cover about 85% of the country's 26.5 million hectares of land. [84] Most of them are low altitude dense forest, of which one third is primary forest. [85] An estimated 8,000 plant species, 600 bird species, 150 mammals and other animals live in Gabon's equatorial forests. [86] Thanks to their rich diversity, Gabonese forests are among the most important forest reserves in the Congo River basin, and even on the continent. Covering almost the whole country, the network of waterways around the Ogooué, Nyanga and Komo Rivers, together with abundant rainfall (between 1,450 and 4,000 mm per year), provide appropriate irrigation for agricultural and forestry activities.
[84] Convention on Biological Diversity. Viewed at: https://www.cbd.int/countries/profile/?country=ga
[85] MEFME (2019), Sixth National Biodiversity Report.
[86] Convention on Biological Diversity. Viewed at: https://www.cbd.int/countries/profile/?country=ga

4.2. (...) A small number of shipowners, mainly foreign, participate in industrial fishing in the approx. 213,000 km² exclusive economic zone (EEZ). By Decree No. 161/PR of 1 July 2017 creating aquatic protected areas in the Gabonese Republic, the Government classified 23% of the EEZ as marine protected areas.

4.3. (...). A national land use plan (NLUP) is being drawn up under the coordination of the National Commission for Land Allocation (CNAT), which was created in 2017. During a transitional phase, the CNAT advises on any proposed new allocations. The procedure for obtaining the CNAT's advice on land allocation involves five stages: (...); (iv) field mission by the CNAT to assess environmental and social criteria; (...)

4.9. Under the Emerging Gabon Strategic Plan (PSGE) 2025, ADAG was set up to mobilize agricultural land tenure and make it more secure. Since 2019, the Transformation Acceleration Plan has provided for the implementation of several initiatives, namely: (...)
d. Launch of the ZAP land programme [96] (64 million ha of land): (i) land regulation, environmentally responsible development and grouping of activities (production, processing, logistics, etc.); (...)
[96] High productivity agricultural zone.

4.10. The Operational Plan for the Green Gabon Hub under the PSGE identifies seven growth sectors: agriculture, livestock, fisheries, aquaculture, timber, non wood products and bushmeat. (...)

4.14. (...). Meanwhile, the pesticides and hazardous chemicals listed in Annex III to the Rotterdam Convention, together with most of the persistent organic pollutants in Annex A to the Stockholm Convention , remain banned from import for agricultural purposes (Section 3.1.6).

4.17. The Economic Recovery Plan for 2017-19, adopted in response to the oil crisis, focuses on certain sectors already identified in the Green Gabon Operational Plan, including the fisheries, agriculture and timber sectors.

4.27. The Gabonese Sustainable Development Fund, provided for in the Green Gabon Operational Plan and intended to mobilize resources to finance the Plan's priority actions, has not yet been set up. (...)

4.28. (...) With the support of the FAO, the National Agricultural Mechanization Strategy was developed as part of a project for sustainable food intensification. However, the impact of these initiatives on agricultural policy, including the achievement of its objectives, is not yet clear.

Table 4.9 Energy balances
(% unless otherwise indicated)
- Primary production (ktoe): (...)
• Renewables and biofuels: (2015) 30.5, (2016) 31.7, (2017) 32.9, (2018) 34.5, (2019) 36.8, (2020) 40.7, (2021) 40.9; Hydro: (2015) 4.4, (2016) 4.6, (2017) 4.0, (2018) 4.6, (2019) 4.5, (2020) 5.2, (2021) 5.0; Geothermal: (2015) 1.0, (2016) 1.0, (2017) 1.1, (2018) 1.1, (2019) 1.1, (2020) 1.2, (2021) 1.1; Wind: (2015) 3.4, (2016) 3.6, (2017) 4.2, (2018) 4.3, (2019) 5.1, (2020) 6.0, (2021) 5.6; Solar thermal: (2015) 0.7, (2016) 0.7, (2017) 0.7, (2018) 0.7, (2019) 0.8, (2020) 0.8, (2021) 0.8; Ambient heat: (heat pumps): (2015) 0.9, (2016) 1.1, (2017) 1.7, (2018) 1.8, (2019) 2.0, (2020) 2.4, (2021) 2.3; Bioenergy: (2015) 18.8, (2016) 19.4, (2017) 19.9, (2018) 20.5, (2019) 21.7, (2020) 23.1, (2021) 23.6
• Non-renewable waste: (2015) 1.9, (2016) 2.1, (2017) 2.1, (2018) 2.1, (2019) 2.2, (2020) 2.4, (2021) 2.3
(...)
• Renewables and biofuels: (2015) 0.4, (2016) 0.5, (2017) 0.5, (2018) 0.6, (2019) 0.6, (2020) 0.8, (2021) 0.9; Non-renewable wastes: (2015) 0.0, (2016) 0.1, (2017) 0.1, (2018) 0.1, (2019) 0.1, (2020) 0.1, (2021) 0.1
- Final consumption (ktoe): (...)
• Renewables and biofuels: (2015) 9.9, (2016) 9.8, (2017) 10.3, (2018) 10.8, (2019) 11.1, (2020) 11.7, (2021) 11.7
• Non-renewable waste: (2015) 0.4, (2016) 0.4, (2017) 0.4, (2018) 0.5, (2019) 0.5, (2020) 0.6, (2021) 0.5
(...)