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3.128. Argentina continues to levy export duties (retentions) as regulated by the Customs Code, with the following objectives: (...) (c) the promotion, protection or conservation of domestic production of goods or services, natural resources or animal or plant species; (...).

Table 3.28 Changes to export duties, 2012-20
Legal instrument
Decree No. 1719/2012: Established sliding duties (based on a formula) and a fixed reference price (RP) for biodiesel and mixtures thereof (HS 3826.00.00).
(...)
Decree No. 160/2015: Reduced the export duty to 0% for products classified in HS Chapters 28-40; 54-76; and HS 78-96. Set the export duty at 32% for biodiesel (HS 3826.00.00) and at 5% for ferrous waste and scrap (HS 7204).
(...)
Decree No. 133/2015: Reduced the rate to 0% for products included in HS Chapters 01-24 and 41-53, except for goods such as (...) biodiesel and mixtures thereof; metal waste and scrap;
(...)
Decree No. 25/2016: Established the rate of 0% for HS Chapters 28-40, except line HS 3826.00.00 (biodiesel and mixtures thereof not containing or containing less than 70% by weight of petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous minerals), for which the rate is 32%.
(...)
Decree No. 1025/2017: Discontinued the use of sliding duties for biodiesel and mixtures thereof (HS 3826.00.00), assessed thereafter at 8%.
(...)
Decree No. 486/2018: Raised the export duty from 8% to 15% for biodiesel and mixtures thereof (HS 3826.00.00).
(...)
Decree No. 790/2020: Established a scheme of phased increases in the export duties for soya, food products containing soya and biodiesel.

3.130. (...) In 2021, a rate of 33% was applied to only one tariff line: HS 1201.90.00, soya beans for use as seed (compared to 30% in October 2020). Since that time, the export duties for biodiesel and several products containing soya have increased, a scheme having been applied to gradually raise those rates. It is to those products that the highest export duties currently apply: between 25% and 33%. (...).

Table 3.31 Prohibition/restriction of exports, 2020
Product for export: Live specimens, products and by-products of wild fauna and flora (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)).
Treatment: Prohibited, except when such trade: is authorized by CITES; consists of specimens or products for use in scientific research; or is for non-commercial purposes, among other exceptions.
Implementing agency: Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development and Directorate-General of Customs (DGA).
(...)
Product for export: Wild fauna; reptiles (risk to human life or health); wild flora; phthalates; iguana skins; metal scrap and waste; and hunting trophies (species: puma concolor)
Treatment: Prohibited
Implementing agency: Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries

Table 3.31 Prohibition/restriction of exports, 2020
Product for export: Genetic resources used under the Nagoya Protocol.
Treatment: Authorization required prior to export.
Implementing agency: Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development.

Table 3.31 Prohibition/restriction of exports, 2020
Product for export: Ozone-depleting substances.
Treatment: Prohibited, except under certain conditions.
Exports of ozone-depleting substances or hydrofluorocarbons (per the Kigali Amendment to the Montréal Protocol) are subject to certain non-economic prohibitions and must therefore be previously registered in the Register of Importers and Exporters of Ozone-Depleting Substances (RIESAO).
Implementing agency: Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development – Ozone Programme

Table 3.31 Prohibition/restriction of exports, 2020
Product for export: Hazardous and non-hazardous waste.
Treatment: Authorization required prior to export.
Implementing agency: Secretariat of Environmental Control and Monitoring (Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development).

3.168. Argentina continues to apply programmes to promote investment, production, employment, innovation and competitiveness in specific sectors. They consist of fiscal incentives (tariff and other tax exemptions and reductions, as well as financial stability arrangements) and/or non-repayable contributions. Sectors benefiting from these programmes include (...) biofuel industry [248]; (...) biotechnology [250] (...) and electric power [252].

[248] Law No. 26.093 of 15 May 2006 (regulatory and promotion scheme for the sustainable production and use of biofuels) and Law No. 26.334 of 3 January 2008 (bioethanol production promotion scheme).
[250] Promotion of the development and production of modern biotechnology (Law No. 26.270 of 27 July 2007, Decree No. 983/2007 and General Resolution No. 4669/2020).
[252] Law No. 26.190 of 2 January 2007 (national development programme for the use of renewable energy sources for electricity production), as amended by Law No. 27.191 of 21 October 2015.

Table 3.34 Incentives for research, development and improved competitiveness, 2013 and 2020
Programme: Technological Support for the Tourism Industry - Science and Technology Museums, Paleontological and Archaeological Sites and Protected Natural Areas (ASETUR - MUSEOS)
Amount awarded in 2020 - Total: 1.5 millions of ARS

Table 3.34 Incentives for research, development and improved competitiveness, 2013 and 2020
Programme: Federal Productive Innovation Projects – Environment and Alternative Energy (PFIP - MAE)
Amount awarded in 2020 - Total: 1.0 millions of ARS