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4.1. During the period under review The Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture (MEWA) has successfully achieved major transformation goals. A number of fundamental strategies have been formulated to serve as a roadmap to achieve strategic goals as to ensure harmonization, among; food security strategy, national water strategy, environment strategy, national strategy for agriculture and agricultural development fund strategy.

4.3. The National Strategy for Agriculture targets to enhance food security, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources to contribute effectively in achieving water security and preserving the environment (...).

4.6. The high-water demand in the agriculture sector is exacerbating the water scarcity situation in the Kingdom, due to arid climate conditions, renewable water is extremely scarce and the Kingdom has limited reserves of non-renewable groundwater, given it is rapidly depleted.

4.8. The National Water Strategy has set five main objectives, including (...) enhance water demand management across all uses; deliver cost-effective and high quality water and wastewater services, accounting for affordability; safeguard and optimize the use of water resources, while preserving the local environment for the highest benefit of the Saudi society in this generation and the future; and (...).

4.9. The environment sector is undergoing a large-scale transformation in line with Vision 2030. The sector has achieved several milestones in institutional framework design, legislations, and economic efficiency.

4.10. As part of the National Environment Strategy, the environment sector's institutional setup was revamped by abrogating the two existing environmental authorities, the General Authority of Meteorology and Environmental Protection (GAMEP) and the Saudi Wildlife Authority (SWA). In addition to, establishing an environmental fund and five specialized national environmental centers; center for environmental compliance, center for wildlife development, center for vegetation cover, center for meteorology, and center for waste management.

4.11. The precedent environmental laws were replaced with a new law and a set of executive regulations, standards, requirements and guidelines that aim to protect, develop and sustain the environment. On the regional level, the final drafts of a unified GCC environmental and meteorological law, and an operational plan for the GCC environment strategy were developed.

4.12. MEWA actively identified several investment opportunities in the environment and meteorological sector, such as; developing national parks and protected areas, enhancing the entertainment and tourism activities available in these areas, managing and protecting national forests in southern KSA, combatting desertification, protecting pastures, and managing grazing activities. More so, establishing waste management service companies and facilities for the protection of public health, promotion of a clean environment, enhancing resource recovery, and providing environmental services such as; inspections, environmental impact assessments, and biodiversity assessments.

4.15. Food security strategy in the Kingdom seeks to achieve five main objectives, which include; achieving sustainable domestic food production system (...).

4.18. MEWA's policy focuses on the sustainable development of both the aquaculture sector and the marine fisheries sector, which aims that; the fisheries sector contributes effectively to the Kingdom's economy, to provide suitable employment opportunities for Saudi citizens and to enhance food security strategies.