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Table ‎4.10 Primary energy consumption by source, 2016-21
('000 toe (tonnes of oil equivalent))
(...)
Type of energy source: Renewable energy: (2016) 412, (2017) 515, (2018) 753, (2019) 823, (2020) 982, (2021) 1245
(...)

4.41. The Master Strategy for the Energy Sector 2020-30, developed by the MEMR [The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources], calls for a sustainable future energy supply, diversification of the national energy mix, increased dependency on the share of domestic energy resources, enhanced energy security, and reduced energy dependence and cost of electricity supply.

4.43. The Master Strategy for the Energy Sector 2020-2030 targets a 31% share for renewables in total power generation capacity. It aims to boost energy efficiency by achieving a 9% reduction of energy consumption by 2023 taking the energy consumption in 2018 as a base year, with mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in line with the global GHG emissions reduction (Section 1.1).

4.46. (...) The principal legislation remains the General Electricity Law of 2002, which aims to develop the sector in accordance with public interest, while encouraging local and foreign investment. The Law is administered by the MEMR [The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources] , which is responsible for managing general policies pertaining to the sector; promoting the use of renewable energy; (...) The Law also allows private sector independent power producers (IPPs) to obtain a licence to generate electricity based on thermal power stations and on renewable energy.

4.48. Under Electricity License Fee Regulation No. 30 of 2015, there is a new licensing regulation for power companies, which removed the exemption from licensing fees for companies generating power from renewable energy sources. Under the new regulation, licence fees for renewable energy power generators are as follows: one time licence issuance fee of 1% of the company's registered share capital (to also be paid on any further increase of the company's registered capital); and an annual licence fee of 0.01 fils (JOD 0.00001) per KWh sold from the project. The one-time licence issuance fee is to be paid upon issuance of the licence.

4.49. Jordan has seven electricity generation companies with a combined capacity of nearly 4,000 MW. (...) the Jordan Bio-Gas Company Ltd also generates electricity by converting organic waste into methane gas.

4.51. According to the IMF, as a result of this new system, " (...) NEPCO's [National Electric Power Company] long-term supply contracts for natural gas and relatively high renewable power capacity are expected to largely shield it from the surge in global fuel prices in the near-term. Accordingly, NEPCO's deficit was projected to decline to 0.3 percent of GDP in 2022".

4.101. The Ministry of Transport (MOT) is responsible for the sector. In 2014, the Long Term National Transport Strategy was launched, aiming to integrate all transport subsectors (i.e. land, maritime, air, and rail) through a long-term transport strategy running until 2030. The Strategy contains five policy pillars: (...) heightening environmental protection; (...) The second phase was completed in 2018 providing a new model for the passenger and goods transportation sector.

4.102. According to the Jordan Public Transport Diagnostic and Recommendations Report 2022, the estimated cost of transport-related inefficiencies is about USD 3 billion a year, or at least 6% of GDP including the cost of traffic congestion, fatalities, injuries, environmental degradation, (...)

4.103. According to the same report, Jordan has not yet been able to decouple economic growth from carbon emissions. Transport, together with energy, is the main contributor to GHG emissions. Jordan's transport sector's GHG emissions are estimated to have increased over 11,000 gigagrams over the past 15 years, increasing the cost to the economy from USD 500 million to USD 1billion per year.