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Under the Poverty Reduction Strategy and Action Plan (PRSAP), a key goal is to have access to affordable, safe, sustainable, secure and environmentally friendly sources of energy by 2010 through, among others, establishing community woodlots and encouraging forestation and reforestation on available land; diversifying energy sources in a cost effective manner, moving towards sustainable energy sources; encouraging efficient use of energy; and legislating against the indiscriminate harvesting of wood resources for commercial gain.

Swaziland is endowed with a wide range of forest resources: there are more than 3,400 species of higher plants (i.e. about 14% of Southern Africa's species), and 39 plant species have a global conservation status.

Forest fires due to drought have a large impact on the forestry subsector.

The Forest Policy and National Forestry Action Programme, implemented following the Forest Policy and Legislation Project 1998-2001, is designed to achieve sustainable forest management, and aims to promote awareness of forestry issues and provide training and education. It covers a wide variety of issues, including economic and social sustainability, biodiversity, pollution control, relations between commercial forestry and community development, taxation questions, certification of forestry activities under Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) or ISO 14001, and relation of forestry management to such Swazi laws as the 2001 Standards and Quality Assurance Act and the 2000 Industrial Relations Act.

The existing legislation on forestry in Swaziland consists of the Natural Resources Act (1951), the Flora Protection Act (2001), aimed at protecting indigenous flora, including environmental impact assessment in respect of any activity impacting on such flora, and the Control of Tree Planting Act (1972).

The National Transport Policy aims to provide, maintain, and improve a safe, cost-effective, reliable, and environmentally friendly rail network.

While not an active participant in the DDA negotiations, in the rules negotiations Solomon Islands has co-sponsored two small and vulnerable economies’(SVEs) submissions seeking appropriate special and differential treatment in any disciplines on fisheries subsidies.

Exports of certain goods are subject to duties for environmental protection purposes.

A licence is required to export live fish and wildlife specimens listed in Schedule II of the Wildlife Protection and Management Act 1998.

Exports for commercial purposes of wildlife specimens listed in Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection and Management Act 1998 are prohibited.