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Lesotho has no specific legislation concerning genetically modified organisms, although it has accepted GM foodstuffs as part of food aid.

Import prohibitions are maintained, inter alia, on certain flora and fauna.

The objectives of Lesotho’s agricultural policy, set by the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Policy for Lesotho, include improved agricultural productivity, protection of investment of livestock farmers and prevention of disease spread, better access to agri-related information for farmers and other stakeholders, linking rural agricultural producers to markets, and monitoring the sustainable utilization of natural resources in agricultural production.

Lesotho's soil conservation programme is one of the most advanced in Africa due to the vulnerability of much of the land to soil erosion and the continuing soil degradation, associated with the region-wide process of desertification.

Several UN agencies are involved in soil conservation programmes.

The Government has been supporting the subsidization of larger producers using conservation agriculture techniques.

Renewable energy currently plays a small role in terms of total energy consumed, but this is expected to change in the near future; solar energy electrification has being introduced in three districts.

Almost 70% of all households use biomass fuels as their main source of energy.

The main goal for Lesotho is to make energy universally accessible and affordable in a sustainable manner, with minimal negative impact on the environment.

The Ministry of Forestry and Land Reclamation (MFLR) is responsible for the overall administration of the subsector and provides, inter alia, services in forestry, soil and water conservation, range resources, and management and nature conservation to address the problem of land degradation.