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The gold sector is divided between the Rosebel Gold Mine and a large number of small producers who are effectively untaxed and unregulated despite official efforts to organize them. All gold from the Rosebel Gold Mine is exported for final refining in Canada, with a royalty of 2.25% reserved for the State of Suriname. Although the small producers bring some benefits to the country and the economy, the production methods used can lead to environmental degradation while not being very efficient in extracting gold.

Although it has been noted that the informal mining sector delivers some benefits to the country, the mining methods used have led to several environmental problems, including deforestation and mercury pollution , and many are relatively inefficient methods of extracting gold.

According to the Multi-annual Development Plan 2012-2016, the gold sector can be divided into three levels depending on scale: small-scale mining of up to 200 ha, where exploitation rights should be awarded to individuals or families; the medium-scale operations of between 200 and 40,000 ha, where exploitation licences would be available to domestic and foreign companies; and larger than 40,000 ha, where exploitation licences would be granted to international companies in cooperation with the Government. The Plan emphasizes the need to control the small-scale subsector in order to reduce lawlessness and damage to the environment , and to improve its contribution to public finances.

The primary legislation on civil aviation is the Civil Aviation Safety and Security Act of 2002, which was intended to provide the legal basis for Suriname to comply with the Chicago Convention, particularly on personnel licensing, aircraft nationality and registration, operations of aircraft, airworthiness of aircraft, aerodromes, environmental protection, security, and the safe transport of dangerous goods by air. 

The Government’s economic policy goal concerning both services and manufacturing is to ensure a business environment that is secure, with minimal intervention and thus as few distortions to competition as possible, including low taxation. Nonetheless, with a view to facilitating market-based economic diversification, the Government has been implementing a number of trade and trade-related policy initiatives since 2007 in order to nurture manufacturing, which had previously been the mainstay of the economy, but has remained in decline following the expiry of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC), together with service sectors other than gaming, thereby creating new engines for growth.These and other policy initiatives are considered necessary in certain circumstances, including: the existence of economies of scale; the presence of technological or other spill overs, such as those contributing to traffic congestion and environmental degradation

In order to achieve continued as well as inclusive growth, the Government of the MSAR faces this and a number of other policy challenges. These include ensuring that the fruits of economic growth are fairly shared, thereby fostering social harmony, that growth is not detrimental to the environment , and improving public infrastructure, particularly housing and transportation, the quality of human resources , and clearing the way for economic diversification.

In order to ensure that growth is more inclusive, so that it raises the standard of living of all Macao’s inhabitants and thereby contributes to social harmony and stability, the Government has also been implementing various social policies. These policies concern mainly education, healthcare, social security and public housing. It has also been implementing policies to ensure environmentally -friendly growth.

Several government agencies have been reformed or established since the previous TPR.
They include:3) the Transport Bureau (DSAT), which is responsible for developing a safe, smooth,environmentally -friendly and convenient commuting and traffic system; and 4) the Environmental Protection Bureau (DSPA), whose principal duties involve research and planning as well as implementing, coordinating and promoting policies related to environmental protection.

 Between 2007 and 2011, the MSAR continued to undergo major structural change in its merchandise trade, mainly as a result of the expiry of the ATC. (...) However, the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement
(CEPA) with Mainland China has provided the Macao Special Administrative Region (MSAR) with the opportunity to develop new manufacturing industries (such as coffee, recycled plastics and refined copper foil) by exempting tariffs on imports from the MSAR on condition that the goods concerned satisfy the specified rules of origin.

These measures, together with further market opening under the CEPA, have contributed to economic diversification of the manufacturing sector by facilitating the development of new products, such as coffee, refined copper foil, stamps, and recycled plastics; exports of these products to Mainland China have increased markedly since 2009.