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Viet Nam is a signatory to various international treaties and conventions with implications for trade: the Convention on World Cultural Heritage and Natural Resources Conservation ; the Convention on Wetland of International Importance, especially of Waterfowls Habitat (Ramsar); the Convention on International Trade in Endangered species;  of Wild Flora and Fauna ( CITES ); the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer; the Framework Convention on Climate Change; the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD); the Convention on Marine Law; the Basel Convention on controlling the transit and disposal of dangerous waste ; the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (CCD); the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety ; the Vienna Convention on the Ozone Layer Protection; the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants ; and the Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent.

Viet Nam has issued several legal documents to implement ASEAN preferential rules of origin and non-preferential rules of origin. The basic legal document is Government Decree No. 19/2006/ND-CP of 20 February 2006 detailing the provisions of the Commercial Law on goods origin. Certificates of origin are required for goods subject to import management regulations in accordance with Vietnamese laws or international treaties or agreements to which Viet Nam is a party; goods considered likely to harm social security, public health or the environment.

Viet Nam also uses tax incentives to promote environmental protection activities such as the treatment of waste.

A number of government agencies are responsible for standards, technical regulations, conformity assessment procedures, and other measures related to technical requirements. These agencies include the Ministries of: Science and Technology; Industry and Trade; Agriculture and Rural Development; Information and Communication; Natural Resources and Environment.

Law on Environmental Protection, Establishes the principles and basic contents of national environmental standards.

Under the Law on Products and Goods Quality of 2007, products and goods are divided between Group 1, which are "incapable of causing unsafety", and Group 2, which are "capable of causing unsafety" (defined as "those products and goods which, under rational conditions of transportation, storage, preservation and use for proper purposes, can latently cause harms to humans, animals, plants, assets or the environment")

The basic law for SPS-related matters is set out in the ordinances for plant protection and quarantine, and animal health, and laws on food safety and environmental protection

Law on Environment Protection. No. 52/2005/QH11

Decree detailing and guiding the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Environmental Protection, Implements several articles, including strategic environmental assessment; environmental impact assessment

Objects subject to pest-risk analysis include: living plants; fresh fruits; weeds and weed seeds; beneficial organisms , biological agents or living organisms harmful to plant resources ;