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Endowed with substantial water resources , the Kyrgyz Republic ranks third among CIS countries in terms of hydroelectric potential. If harnessed properly, these resources could guarantee an ample long-term supply of renewable energy at a relatively low cost. However, at 3.03 GW, installed hydroelectric capacity is a fraction of the estimated potential (18.5 GW), and generated hydro power remains at about 9% of output projections under the full-potential scenario (142 billion kWh). 140 Two thermal power plants in Bishkek and Osh raise the country's total installed capacity to 3.78 GW.

The vehicle fleet in the Kyrgyz Republic is progressively aging and shifting towards a predominance of minibuses, with adverse effects on passenger safety, road traffic, and the environment. In 2009, more than 40% of all trucks and 50% of buses had been in operation for over ten years.

Since the promulgation of the 1992 Constitution, the National Assembly and the Standing Committee of the National Assembly have passed 368 laws and ordinances, and the Government has issued a large number of implementing decrees. As a result of the legal and institutional reforms, key institutions of the market economy have been established (such as contract, finance, banking, taxation, real estate market, labor market, technology market, securities market and environment protection), and the interference by the State through administrative measures in economic, commercial and civil matters has been decreased sharply, whilst its role in resolving problems faced by enterprises and traders has been enhanced.

The Investment Law also prohibits investments considered detrimental to national defence and security, historical and cultural ethics, Vietnamese traditions and fine customs, and the environment. Investment is conditional in (vi) culture, information, press, and publication; and (vii) surveying, prospecting, exploration and mining of natural resources.

All investment projects (domestic and foreign) worth more than ₫300 billion as well as all projects in the conditional sectors are subject to an "investment evaluation", focusing on compliance with master plans for technical infrastructure, land use, construction, and the use of natural resources and minerals; compliance with land use requirements; the implementation schedule for the project; and environmental conditions. The investment evaluation should be completed within 30 days but the deadline may be extended up to 45 days. According to the Investment Law (Article 47), the National Assembly will determine the evaluation process and criteria on a case-by-case basis for "important national investment projects", e.g. particularly large investments, in specific locations, or projects having a major environmental impact.

In order to stimulate private investment in infrastructure, Decision No. 71/2010/QD-TTg, effective since January 2011, permits public private partnerships (PPPs) on a pilot basis, notably for road transport infrastructure, rail and urban transport, airports, seaports and river ports, fresh water supply and waste treatment, power plants, and hospitals. 

At the end of 2012, the Ministry of Planning and Investment had granted investment certificates for 712 projects overseas with total capital of US$12.4 billion. Petro Vietnam Exploration and Production Corporation and Viettel have been among the most prominent Vietnamese investors. Privately owned Vietnamese companies have mainly invested in food and beverage industries, retailing, and environmental businesses.

Moreover new taxes have been introduced such as the Personal Income Tax (2009), the royalty tax (2009), the non-agricultural land use tax (2010), and the environmental protection tax (2010)

More recently, in May 2011, the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 732/QD-TTg ("Decision 732") approving the tax reform strategy for the period 2011-2020 regarding tax policy and tax management. Under the Decision, there are 10 tax categories that shall be reformed, including (1) value-added tax (VAT)3, (2) corporate income tax (CIT)4 , (3) personal income tax (PIT)5 , (4) special consumption tax, (5) import-export taxes, (6) royalty tax, (7) agricultural land use tax; (8) non-agricultural land use tax; (9)environmental protection tax, and (10) fees and charges.

Viet Nam introduced an environmental protection tax on five product categories with effect from 1 January 2012, in part replacing earlier surcharges on various fuels. Value-added tax, which is levied at a general rate of 10%, constitutes almost one third of the Government's total tax revenue, while trade taxes seem to account for one tenth.