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(…) technical regulations and/or conformity assessment procedures should not be more trade restrictive than is necessary to fulfil a legitimate objective, taking account of the risk non fulfilment would create. Such legitimate objectives include national security requirements, protection of human health or safety, animal or plant life or health, or the environment, or the prevention of misleading practices. (...)

Concerning the procedure to be followed, the rules state that the ministry or body having regulatory authority shall publish, in the form of a notice in the national media or on its website, the draft of the technical regulation or conformity assessment procedure that it intends to adopt. (...) The notice shall be published long enough in advance of the adoption of the measure to enable anyone to submit comments in writing during a period of at least 60 days, except in cases of emergency relating to safety, health, environmental protection or national security. (...)

Chile has no mutual recognition agreements (MRA) for technical regulations with its trading partners. The SEC (Electricity and Fuels Supervisory Authority) does, however, recognize the results of tests and certification by a list of organizations from 14 countries (Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States). It also has multilateral recognition agreements (MLA/MRA) on accreditation of: quality management and environmental management systems certification bodies (MLA in the IAF and MLA in the IAAC), testing laboratories, clinical and calibration laboratories (MRA in the ILAC and MLA in the IAAC). The INN has requested the extension of its MLA to accreditation of product and inspection certification bodies.

In Chile, the competent authority for animal health for hydrobiological species and the safety of food of aquatic origin is SERNAPESCA, responsible for verifying compliance with the fishing and aquaculture regulations, providing services to facilitate their correct implementation and ensuring sanitary management so as to contribute towards the sustainability of this sector and the protection of hydrobiological resources and their environment.

With the exception of goods of an f.o.b. value of less than US$2,000 , in general, exporters must submit to the National Customs Service, through a customs agent, the single export document acceptance for processing (DUS AT), which must contain all the information required , including the customs regime that will apply when the goods leave Chile. Goods must leave the country under one of the following customs destinations: export, re export or temporary exit. The documents used as a basis for completing the DUS AT are: (...) the approvals and/or authorizations required. [105] (...)

[105] The following goods require approval, certificates or endorsement for their export: (...) enriched fissile or radioactive elements or materials, radioactive substances, devices or tools that emit ionizing radiation (Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission); (...) specimens of wild fauna or their byproducts; (...) species of wild fauna and flora protected under the CITES (administrative authority defined in accordance with Article IX of the Convention); (...)

Chile does not in general prohibit exports, and does not apply an export licensing regime or quotas. Such measures are only imposed in order to ensure compliance with international agreements signed by Chile, for example, the Montreal Protocol or CITES, or to protect culture, the environment or human health. (...)

Furthermore, CORFO (Chilean Economic Development Agency) administers a number of support programmes for specific sectors such as fishing, mining and renewable energy (Table A3.4). For example, the 2012 2030 National Energy Strategy makes support for renewable energy a priority and, with this in mind, the Ministry of Energy, through CORFO, is organizing a competition for cofinancing the construction of a concentrated solar power plant. As a result of this competition, in which both Chilean and foreign companies may participate, a subsidy of up to US$20 million will be granted.

(…) At December 2014, five geographical indications, three appellations of origin, six certification marks and four collective marks had been registered. [192]

[192] (…) The registered certification marks are: Certified Sustainable Wine (2011); (…)

Table 3.10 Overview of intellectual property rights in Chile, 2014
Patents
- Main legislation: Industrial Property Law No. 19.039 (revised, coordinated and consolidated text in DFL No. 3 of 2006) and its implementing Regulations (Decree No. 236 of 2005), amended by Decree No. 29 of 2012; Law No. 19.996 of 2005; Law No. 20.160 of 2007; and Law No. 20.569 of 2012.
- Area covered: Any product or process that is new, involves an inventive step and is capable of industrial application.
Compulsory licences may be granted to remedy anti competitive practices, for reasons of public health, national security, non commercial public use or national emergency; or to work a subsequent patent that cannot be worked without infringing a prior patent.
- Term: 20 years from the filing date. Additional terms of protection are allowed if there has been an unjustified delay in granting the patent or a sanitary permit for a pharmaceutical product.
- Exclusions and limitations: Procedures and materials such as scientific theories, business plans, mathematical, surgical, therapeutic or diagnostic methods; plants and animals (except microorganisms) and essentially biological processes for the production of plants and animals (other than microbiological processes); parts of living beings as encountered in nature and natural biological processes and materials.
Protection is not granted if an invention is contrary to public order, security, morality, the health of persons, animals or plants, or the environment.
(...)

In 2014, agriculture (including livestock and forestry but excluding fishing) contributed 3.9% of GDP in current pesos, which is greater than in 2009 (2.8%) (Table 4.1). However, since 2009 the sector's growth has been erratic due to the global financial crisis, climate problems and the earthquake of 2010. The sector continues to be an important source of employment, absorbing 8.6% of the economically active population in 2014.