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1.7. (...). IMF Executive Directors commended the authorities for maintaining economic stability during the pandemic, underpinned by strong macroeconomic policies and institutional frameworks. However, they emphasized that while the economy continues to recover, there is a need to safeguard the recovery and promote stronger, more inclusive and greener growth. (...)

1.9. (...). The OECD notes that Mexico's potential to be a high-growth economy is large, having transitioned from an oil dependent economy in the early 1990s to a manufacturing hub integrated in global value chains. However, it notes that such potential remains unrealized and growth over the most recent decades has been low. The OECD recommendations to help realize this potential, include: (...); and promoting renewables generation, among others.

1.28. (...) The austerity measures of the Federal Law on Republican Austerity should preferably target non-priority current expenditure, and avoid reducing investment in responding to emergencies and natural or human-caused disasters. (...)

1.30. In 2020, the Federal Budget and Treasury Accountability Law was amended in order to implement support measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and other emergency situations. (...) the draft Expenditure Budget shall include provisions for carrying out preventive actions or executing programmes and projects to deal with damage caused by natural phenomena. It further provides that (...) 65% to finance projects on renewable energy sources, energy efficiency, the use of clean technologies and the diversification of primary energy sources[25]. [25] (...); Federal Budget and Treasury Accountability Law; General Law on Civil Protection; (...); Customs Law; (...); Law on Biosafety of Genetically Modified Organisms; General Law on Climate Change; (...)

2.18. (...), the importation and exportation of pesticides, e-cigarettes and similar personal electronic vaping devices, were prohibited, in order to protect human health and the environment.

2.22. Mexico advocates a rules based multilateral trading system, which contributes to more inclusive development. It supports the elimination of distortions in the agricultural and fisheries sectors. It also participates in joint initiatives to examine new trade issues, such as the integration of MSMEs into international trade, e commerce, investment facilitation, services domestic regulation and environmental sustainability. Mexico participated in the preparatory work for the Twelfth WTO Ministerial Conference (MC12), in particular the drafting of various ministerial statements on the promotion of gender equality and women's economic empowerment within trade ; trade and environmental sustainability. (...)

2.27. Between 2017 and 2022, three agreements entered into force for Mexico: the CPTPP in 2018, T-MEC in 2020 and the Trade Continuity Agreement with the United Kingdom in 2021. These agreements cover trade in goods and services. The CPTPP and T-MEC include disciplines on new topics such as digital trade, SMEs, trade in sustainable goods and the environment.

2.29. T-MEC was signed in 2018, amended in 2019 and entered into force on 1 July 2020. It repealed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which had been in force since 1994. However, some of the provisions of NAFTA may continue to be applied on a transitional basis. T-MEC covers new topics such as trade facilitation, digital trade, the environment, competitiveness and the protection of labour rights. (...)

Table ‎2.3 Activities reserved to the Mexican State and to Mexicans, 2017-22
Activities reserved to the Mexican State: Radioactive minerals and nuclear power generation

2.46. For certain activities and companies, FDI normally is limited to 49%, but foreigners can exceed this limit (and even invest up to 100%) if they obtain an authorization from the CNIE (Table 2.4). The CNIE takes 45 days to issue an authorization, which is subject to an economic and environmental impact study of the investment. (...)