Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/360/REV.1 |
S-IV§24 |
Paraguay |
2017 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Forestry |
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As stated in Decree No. 7.031/17, which regulates Article 42 of the Forestry Law No. 422/73, there are three types of natural forest/land areas in Paraguay: (a) productive, by managing which it is possible to obtain an annual or periodic income; (b) protective (of watercourses, soils and some species of flora and fauna); and (c) special (for reasons of a scientific, educational, historical, touristic, experimental or recreational nature). In addition, there are the State owned forest assets consisting of public forest lands, public forests and public nurseries.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/360/REV.1 |
S-IV§25 |
Paraguay |
2017 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Energy, Forestry |
Relevant information
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The forests are exploited mainly to supply the domestic market with round wood, firewood and charcoal. In 2015, biomass accounted for 31.6% of the energy generated in Paraguay and 42.6% of the energy consumed. Firewood and charcoal constitute a significant proportion of the biomass produced and consumed in Paraguay. Firewood accounted for 55.7% of the biomass consumed and charcoal for 10.7%.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/360/REV.1 |
S-IV§27 |
Paraguay |
2017 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Energy, Forestry |
Relevant information
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Paraguay has been promoting a reforestation policy, in accordance with Law No. 4.241/2010 on the re establishment of watercourse protecting forests within the national territory and its implementing Regulations. The importance of promoting reforestation and sustainable forestry development is also stressed in several of Paraguay's strategies. [16] However, according to the authorities, the efforts made in this respect have produced disappointing results due to factors such as deficiencies in institutional capacity, inadequate financial resources and a lack of incentives for forestation and reforestation. For example, reference is made to a shortage of forestry products for use in the domestic wood industry and as sources of energy. In dealing with this situation, it has been considered appropriate to protect the forests by extending the ban on converting those in the eastern region to other uses up until December 2018. In addition, a special regime has been established for exploiting, transporting and marketing timber and other products from forest plantations established with fast growing exotic or introduced species.
[16] For example, the objective of Strategy 3.4 (Sustainability of the Global Habitat) of Paraguay's National Development Plan 2030 is to "increase the coverage of forest areas and protected biomass". Likewise, the Agricultural Strategic Framework (Chapter 3) has "promoting and accelerating the renewal, expansion, management and sustainable development of the forests …" as a general objective.
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Forest
Sustainable
Bio
Energy
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/360/REV.1 |
S-IV§28 |
Paraguay |
2017 |
Sectors |
Loans and financing |
Forestry |
Relevant information
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The authorities have also considered it appropriate to bolster the financing of commercial reforestation projects, provided by several financial institutions that operate with the AFD. Loans are granted for up to a maximum of US$1 million for projects already begun and US$500,000 for new projects. The whole of the project can be financed and the terms are for up to 12 years, with a 12 year grace period. The final interest rate is the AFD rate plus the margin of the corresponding financial intermediary. In addition, the BNF has a credit facility with own funds for reforestation for commercial purposes, which offers loans of up to 80% of the total cost of the investment project, with ceilings of US$500,000 for start up forestry projects and US$1 million for projects already under way. The terms are for up to 12 years for projects for producing timber and up to seven years for projects for producing biomass and/or raw materials for agro industry.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/360/REV.1 |
S-IV§29 |
Paraguay |
2017 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Fisheries |
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In 2016, fishing accounted for barely 0.1% of GDP. Fishing and aquaculture were established as priority activities within the framework of the rural development strategies in Paraguay's National Plan for the Development of a Sustainable Agriculture, which forms part of the Strategic Economic and Social Plan 2008 2013. The general objective is to develop aquaculture in the country by making sustainable use of its natural resources and integrating economic and productive activities so as to optimize the utilization of the factors of production. The main guiding principles of the national policy for the development of sustainable aquaculture in Paraguay are economic improvement, environmental and social responsibility and joint institutional responsibility.
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Keywords
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Fish
Environment
Sustainable
Natural resources
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/360/REV.1 |
S-IV§30 |
Paraguay |
2017 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Fisheries |
Relevant information
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The main pieces of legislation governing the fishing and aquaculture sector are Law No. 3.556/08 on fisheries and aquaculture and its implementing Regulations (Decree No. 6.523/11). The Law applies to catching, administration, transport, processing, marketing, preservation, regeneration of water resources, aquaculture and related activities and in each case establishes the registration and licensing requirements. The SEAM, MAG and SENACSA are the bodies responsible for its application. The SENACSA is tasked with authorizing imports and certifying exports of fishery products. In addition, Decree No. 6.523/11 established the National Fishing and Aquaculture Council as an advisory body composed of representatives of the SEAM, the MAG, the SENACSA, the Office of the Attorney General, the Naval Prefecture General, the Commercial Fishermen's Association and public universities.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/360/REV.1 |
S-IV§31 |
Paraguay |
2017 |
Sectors |
Ban/Prohibition, Export licences, Risk assessment |
Fisheries |
Relevant information
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The Law on fisheries prohibits the export of fishery products and their by products, although the competent authority may permit it in exceptional circumstances and provided that an environmental impact study is carried out and not more than 10% of the population of the species affected is exported. This prohibition does not apply to aquaculture products. Imports and exports of fish and fish products are low in value. In 2016, the value of fish exports was US$117,733. In the same year, the value of imports was US$7.86 million, which is equivalent to 0.1% of the total value of goods imports.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/360/REV.1 |
S-IV§36 |
Paraguay |
2017 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Energy |
Relevant information
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(...) Paraguay is one of the world's largest producers and exporters of hydro electric energy. In 2015, electricity production was 55,744.2 GWh, mainly generated by the Itaipú and Yacyretá hydro electric power stations, which Paraguay co owns with Brazil and Argentina, respectively. Under the agreements concluded with these countries, which date back to 1973, the energy generated by the power stations is divided equally between the parties.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/360/REV.1 |
S-IV§37 |
Paraguay |
2017 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Energy |
Relevant information
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In 2015, hydro electricity accounted for 68.4% of total energy production, and biomass for 31.6%. That same year, 74% (41,126.7 GWh) of Paraguay's total energy production was exported, mainly to Argentina and Brazil under the bilateral agreements. Paraguay imports all its petroleum products (Chart 4.5). In 2015, hydrocarbons accounted for 39% of the country's energy consumption. Other sources of energy for domestic consumption are biomass (42.6%) and electricity (18.4%). In 2017, some 98.9% of the country's population had access to electricity.
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Secretariat TPR |
WT/TPR/S/360/REV.1 |
S-IV§39 |
Paraguay |
2017 |
Sectors |
General environmental reference |
Energy |
Relevant information
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The State continues to play a preponderant role in the management of the energy sector through two State owned enterprises the National Electricity Authority (ANDE) and Petróleos Paraguayos (PETROPAR). During the review period, two institutional changes were made in the energy sector: the creation of a National Energy Efficiency Committee (CNEE) in 2011 and of a Radiological and Nuclear Regulatory Authority (ARRN) in 2014.
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