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Table 1.5 Main industrial investment projects, executed and under way in 2006 2016
(US$ million)
Sector Project Investment
(...)
Electric energy (...)
1 wind farm (Phases I and II) (Cochabamba); 1 solar power plant (Pando) 4
(...)

By 2020, Bolivia expects to raise the share of manufacturing in overall exports to 28%; to increase the share of organic products in total exports to 12%; and to attain the target of 800,000 tonnes for agricultural exports. The Government is accordingly seeking to take advantage of the nine regional trade agreements it has signed in order to promote Bolivian exports (section 2.3.2).

By 2025 Bolivia aims to be a food producing and processing country, a producer and exporter of electricity taking full advantage of its hydroelectric potential and successfully developing high power generation capacity projects based on renewable energy sources (such as wind, biomass, geothermal, and solar energy), a country of tourism, cottage and manufacturing industries, a producer and exporter of unique food products and other, mass consumption items with high value added, a communication and transport services hub, and a country of invaluable human resources with scientific and technological know how that contributes to building the nation. Hence, the Government is promoting import substitution with high quality domestic products.

Table 2.2 Institutions involved in trade policy
Ministry Main functions/objectives Institutions

(...)
Energy • Formulate and evaluate policies, regulations and plans for the sector, in order to guarantee efficiency, security and sovereignty in the energy field (electricity, lithium, nuclear energy);
• Consolidate Bolivia's position as the region's energy hub by exporting surplus energy. Authority for the Supervision and Social Control of Electricity (AE)

National Electricity Company (ENDE)

Bolivian Nuclear Energy Agency (ABEN)

Yacimientos de Litio Bolivianos (YLB)

Bolivian Institute of Science and Nuclear Technology (IBTEN)
(...)

Under current legislation, the guiding principles of the Andean integration process are: Andean citizen participation through integration; a common external policy; trade integration and economic complementarity, promotion of sustainable production, trade and consumption; physical integration and border development; social development; environment; tourism; security; culture; cooperation; energy integration and natural resources; and the institutional development of the CAN. The main policy guidelines for the CAN are: strengthening and vitalizing the Andean integration process, promoting the "re engineering" of the Andean Integration System; fomenting the process of convergence and dialogue between the various regional and subregional integration mechanisms, in particular MERCOSUR, the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) [35] and the LAIA; and promoting regional energy integration.

[35] UNASUR was created in 2008 to promote regional integration in the fields of energy, education, health, the environment, infrastructure, security and democracy. Besides Bolivia, the other members are: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela. Panama and Mexico are observers. Online information from UNASUR. Viewed at: http://www.unasur.org.

ACE (economic complementarity agreement) No. 70, whose aim is to establish the economic area of the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America – Peoples' Trade Agreement (ALBA–TCP), was signed on 11 July 2013 by Bolivia, Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela. According to the authorities, the Agreement seeks to bring about integration that transcends the commercial sphere and is based on communitarian principles, cooperation, solidarity, and a shared determination to move forward and promote fair and sustainable development. It calls for complementarity in the face of competition, reciprocity, life in harmony with nature rather than irrational exploitation of resources, and the defence of social ownership.

At the same time, the Political Constitution empowers the State: to exercise the right and duty to spearhead the process of economic and social planning; to manage and control strategic sectors of the economy (hydrocarbons, mining/metalworking, electricity and environmental resources), as surplus generating sectors of which the State has resumed control and management ; (...)

(...) The Government manages natural resources. [53] (...)

[53] Minerals in all their states, hydrocarbons, water, air, soil and the subsoil, forests, biodiversity, the electromagnetic spectrum and all elements and physical forces that can be harnessed, are deemed to be natural resources. Natural resources are of strategic importance and public interest for the development of the country (Article 348 of the Political Constitution). Natural resources are the property and the direct, indivisible and imprescriptible possession of the Bolivian people, and it shall be for the State to administer them in the collective interest (Article 349 of the Political Constitution).

(...) According to the Bolivian authorities, the foreign enterprises directly affected by the policy of nationalization and recovery of natural resources received fair, expeditious and adequate indemnification from Bolivia.

The import regime prescribes prohibitions on the import of goods which affect human and animal life or health, or are prejudicial to the protection of plants, morality, the environment, the security of the State and the nation's financial system (Article 85 of the General Customs Law). Currently (2017), prohibitions apply to 33 ten digit HS tariff lines. The following imports are prohibited: radioactive residues; halogenated derivatives of hydrocarbons; arms, ammunition and explosives; worn clothing and some types of vehicle and motor vehicle, those using liquefied gas and used motor vehicles over one year old (HS 87.03), motor vehicles over three years old for the transport of more than ten persons (HS 87.02) and special purpose motor vehicles over five years old (HS 87.05) (Table 3.5).