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The Program (the State Program for development of fish industry) is mainly focused on the development of commercial fish farming (aquaculture), infrastructural development of fisheries industry (capital investments), application of new technologies, and ensuring the transition from raw materials export to innovative type of development based on conservation, reproduction and rational use of aquatic biological resources.

According to the Program, provision of internal market with aquatic biological resources is planned to be performed through development of aquaculture. This process is to be implemented by means of technological production modernization and building of innovative system in aquaculture sector. Development of aquaculture is designed to ensure positive dynamics of artificial reproduction of aquatic biological resources.

Russia's industrial policy is based on the following fundamental principles: (...) use of material, financial, labour and natural resources in a rational way; (...) implementing resource-saving and ecologically safe technologies.

The Russian Federation has the largest forest area in the world but the sector faces several problems, including weak infrastructure development, depletion of resources in traditional harvesting areas, and lack of capacity to use low-grade resources. A policy of intensive forest use and forest reproduction is being implemented. The Russian Federation is one of the biggest fishing nations in the world. A policy of fisheries management is being operated and enforced through a total allowable catch system based on scientific data on reserves of species.

A key priority of the Russian Federation is to diversify its economy away from its abundant mineral and energy resources. It is the world's second-largest oil and gas producer, the fourth largest producer of electricity, and has become one of the most energy-intensive economies. A strategic goal has been set to reduce the energy intensity of GDP by 40% by 2020 through energy saving, improving efficiency, eliminating regulatory constraints, and encouraging the development of renewable energy, including geothermal, solar and wind energy. Despite the significan fall in oil prices in recent years, oil-related activities still contribute some 20% to GDP, represent two thirds of merchandise exports, and just under half of federal government revenues.

The main objectives of the Russian Federation's trade policy are to help modernize its economy, foster its global competitiveness, and create favorable conditions for its continuous growth and sustainable development. (...)

The Russian Federation had a nominal GDP of around US$1,326 billion in 2015. It is the largest nation covering more than one eighth of the world's inhabited area, and has a wide range of landforms with abundant mineral, energy, forest, and water resources. It is also the world's second-largest oil and gas producer, the fourth-largest producer of electricity, and has become one of the most energy-intensive economies (section 4.3.3). [1] (...)

[1] In 2008, the authorities set a strategic goal to reduce energy intensity of GDP by 40% by 2020 through energy saving, improving efficiency and eliminating regulatory constraints. OECD (2014).

The MIT (Ministry of Industry and Trade) is responsible for: (...) energy conservation and improving energy efficiency; (...)

A key priority of the Russian Federation is to modernize and diversify its economy away from its abundant mineral resources by, inter alia: reducing its energy intensity to GDP ratio by 40% through energy saving, improving energy efficiency and eliminating regulatory gaps by 2020; maintaining its leadership in the global nuclear technologies market; (...)

Table 2.3 WTO dispute settlement cases
Subject Respondent/
complainant/
appellant Request for consultation received Status (as at
30 June 2016) WTO
document
series
Russian Federation as respondent
Russian Federation – Recycling Fee on Motor Vehicles Russian Federation/
European Union 09/07/2013 Panel established, not yet composed WT/DS462
Russian Federation – Recycling Fee on Motor Vehicles Russian Federation/
Japan 24/07/2013 Consultations were held WT/DS463
(...)