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Another change introduced by Law No. 32 is extension of the categories of company eligible for the free zone regime to include all those engaged in (…) environmental and health services, etc. Companies in free zones are not, however, authorized to import finished products for re export without any form of processing to add local value.

Companies engaged in manufacturing, agro industry, processing of marine resources, obtaining and processing agricultural and forestry raw materials and which carry out the following activities are eligible for the CFI (Industrial Promotion Certificate): (…) environmental management, (…) Investments made as of 23 January 2010 may benefit from the CFI.

For reference: 3.199. The CFI was introduced by Law No. 76 of 2009, and implemented by Executive Decree No. 15 of 15 January 2010 , with the objective of promoting the development of Panama's industry by giving incentives designed to boost investment and competitiveness. It is a non transferable tax credit valid for eight years, with which a company is able to pay all national taxes, charges and contributions. It is not valid for the payment of the tax on dividends, the additional tax, the ICCDP or withholding taxes.

(…) Tax incentives are also given to companies engaged in reforestation, mining, renewable energy and the construction of coastal vessels (section 4.5.5).

Panama has notified the WTO of the (…) infrastructure services (irrigation, reservoirs, environmental programmes, roads, etc.), natural disaster relief, and structural adjustment through support for investment (Livestock Improvement Programme, Agricultural Conversion Programme and Agricultural Competitiveness Programme). (…)

Table 4.2 Domestic support, 2007-2012 (Balboas)
Category: Natural disaster relief
2007: 1,806,412
2008: 1,139,850
2009: 1,567,079
2010: 322,445
2011: 3,060,795
2012: 1,959,634

The Panamanian Aquatic Resources Authority (ARAP) is responsible for the observance and application of the laws and regulations concerning the management, conservation and exploitation of aquatic resources and the national fishing and aquaculture policies adopted by the Executive. (…)

(…) Moreover, there is a series of technical requirements for limiting the exploitation of fisheries resources which apply without distinction to nationals and foreigners alike.

The National Energy Secretariat (SNE), established in 2008 and attached to the Ministry of the President's Office, is responsible for overseeing the energy sector. The SNE designs and implements the energy policy contained in the National Energy Plan 2009 2023, whose main objectives are to ensure, within competitive parameters, the availability and sustainable supply of energy, promote the development of renewable sources and the rational use of energy, and strengthen regional integration through interconnections with Central and South America.

To fulfil its plans for saving energy and diversifying its energy sources, Panama grants tax incentives for the construction of new hydroelectric power plants or solar, wind and geothermal energy projects and those that use natural gas or biomass. (…)

(…) In the tender processes for the purchase of energy and capacity, a preference of 5% of the evaluated price is granted to projects that use renewable sources.(…)