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11. In October 2020, Japan announced its plans to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Moreover, in April 2021, it announced the goal of reducing emissions by 2030 to 46% from its 2013 levels. To this end, a long-term strategy under the Paris Agreement was elaborated in 2019 and revised in 2021 to promote green innovations and finance, and an Environment Innovation Strategy in 2020, with action plans for each technology area. Also in 2020, a new Green Growth Strategy was published.

22. During the review period, Japan took measures regarding regulations on vehicle safety and environmental protection; a few amendments were also made to some of laws and regulations governing labelling requirements concerning, inter alia, food, genetically modified products, household goods, and tobacco. (...)

25. Japan is a party to the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement. During the review period, the basic rules on government procurement remained unchanged. Japan promotes green procurement and participation of SMEs in the market. (...)

28. (...) On 4 June 2021, Japan adopted a Protocol to Amend the International Convention for the Conservation of Atlantic Tuna. Japan withdrew from the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean on 31 October 2020.

29. (...) The main objectives of the 2021 SEP[the sixth Strategic Energy Plan] include to show the path of energy policy towards the realization of "2050 Carbon Neutral" announced in October 2020 and the new greenhouse gas emission reduction targets announced in April 2021 (to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 46%). (...) In April 2022, the Act on Special Measures Concerning Promotion of Use of Renewable Energy Electricity, which introduced a feed-in premium system, entered into force.

33. Regarding maritime services, in 2020, Japan extended the "roll-over relief system" until the end of FY2022: it defers taxation of capital gains resulting from the sales of old vessels replaced by new and environmentally friendly ones. (...)

34. (...) The 2022 amendment to the Airport Act requires that airport managers make airport decarbonatization promotion plans and have them authorized by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism. (...)

Table 1.1 Basic economic indicators, 2017-21
(...)
Share of nominal gross value added by economic activities (%): Electricity, gas and water supply; waste management services: (2017) 2.9, (2018) 2.9, (2019) 3.1, (2020) 3.3, (2021) ..
(...)

1.8. (...) An additional source of pressure on public finance is to meet the targets of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by 2050.

2.2. Japan's overall economic policy agenda is centred on sustainable and inclusive growth. (...)The broader policies to raise economic growth include the promotion of digital transformation and green investment, support for start-ups, regional revitalization through digitalization, and enhancement of economic security.