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JAS-ANZ accredits certification bodies for the certification of management systems (e.g. quality, environmental, occupational health and safety, and HACCP-based food safety), products, and personnel in line with international and national standards, such as the ISO 9001, ISO 14001, AS/NZS 4801 and ISO 22000, and HACCP (Hazard Assessment Critical Control Point) food safety standards

Australia's biosecurity system has been undergoing institutional reform in line with the recommendations of a 2008 independent review recognizing that zero-risk is unattainable and undesired and suggested a shift from the largely negative-defensive quarantine to the pro-active biosecurity

The Food Standards Code regulates food derived from GM plants, animals or micro-organisms, as well as the labelling of GM foods

Mandatory energy consumption labelling requirements affect appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, clothes washers/dryers, dishwashers, room air conditioners, mains-pressure electric-storage water heaters, and motor vehicle

Export controls on wood and wood chips are for the purpose of protecting environmental and heritage values

Australia's latest annual Tax Expenditures Statement identifies 337 (about 270 in 2005) tax expenditures provided in 2009 by the Commonwealth Government to benefit a specified activity or class of taxpayer: including 4 to natural resources and 5 (as from 1 July 2011) to the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme, whose introduction was deferred until after the end of the current Kyoto Period in 2012 and when certain international conditions are met, while tax expenditures for fuel and energy are to decline progressively as a result of the phasing-in of an excise on alternative fuels from 1 July 2011 and the abolition of the exemption from crude oil excise of condensate as of 13 May 2008

Between 2006 and 2009, fuel excise credits of more than $A 3 million per year were available to businesses that are large energy users, on the condition that they joined the Greenhouse Challenge Plus Programme, which ceased on 30 June 2009

The ACCC granted authorization to 35 arrangements covering a wide range of industries, including recycling programmes aimed at reducing waste from agricultural and veterinary chemicals

Sectoral policy developments have focused largely on drought relief, water and land management, biodiversity, and climate change

The Forest Industries Climate Change Research Fund supports innovative forestry research projects focusing on climate change adaptation and mitigation, along with the development of sustainable bio -energy initiatives, hile the National Climate Change and Commercial Forestry Action Plan 2009-12 identified knowledge gaps and proposed actions to assist forest industries to respond to climate change