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In principle, the import or export of plants, seeds and plant material requires prior authorization and a phytosanitary certificate from the MAEP in order to control the quality and to examine the risk of toxicity for persons, animals and the environment

According to The Fair Competition Act of 2003 (FCA 2003), in deciding on the legality of an action, the competition regulator may take into account any potential benefits arising from it, such as protection of the environment

Export licences or permits from the relevant authorities are required for, inter alia, forestry/wood logs, and wildlife

Exports of seashells species, sea turtles, and sea cucumber are also banned

Plan Protection Act empowers the Ministry of Agriculture, Food Security and Cooperatives (MAFC) to control imports and exports of plants and plant products, and otherwise manage plant health risks so as to ensure sustainable plant and environmental protection, increase crop productivity and attain national food security

Table 6.4 Selected WTO activities by topic (including via E-learning), 1995–2013
(end-July)
Topic/Theme: Trade and environment
Number of activities: 9
Number of participants (E-Learning): 24 (15)

Summary of protection of IPRs, 2018
Main legislation Coverage Duration Seclected exclusions and limitations
(...) (...) (...) Non-patentable inventions.

The following, even if they are inventions, cannot be patented:
(...)
inventions that are likely to cause serious environmental harm;
(...)

Table 4.9 Overview of the 2013-17 Strategic Plan
Strategic area Goals Objectives
Agricultural production and security of supply To ensure food security and access to quality agricultural products by protecting agricultural production resources. To protect, improve, and ensure sustainability of agricultural resources.
(...)
Phytosanitary, Animal Health and Welfare
- To increase plant production through environmentally-conscious and effective phytosanitary practices that also ensures the preservation of quality.
To improve and spread integrated and biological control practices in plant health services.
To improve control and inspection services for plant protection products and application equipment.
To improve internal and external quarantine services in plant production.
- To control and eradicate animal diseases and pests, and to ensure animal welfare.
To improve animal disease and pests control services.
To develop the necessary standards and systems to ensure animal welfare.
(...)

Table 4.9 Overview of Canada's electricity industry, 2013
(…)
- Criteria: Producer rank (2012)
- Amount: 6th largest electricity generation, 3rd largest hydro generation, 2nd largest exporter of electricity

Table 4.9 Fisheries subsidies, 2011-14
(₩ million)
Item Type 2011 2012 2013 2014
Support for vessel decommissioning

To maintain fleet size at a sustainable level for coastal and offshore fishery resources.
100% grant to coastal fishermen and 80% grant to offshore fishermen.
To be continued provisionally until 2018. Lump sum transfer 37,214 29,795 24,886 20,529
Loan n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Benefit of loana n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
(...)