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A major milestone in the process of further integration among OECS States is the signature of the OECS Economic Union. The Revised Treaty of Basseterre (RTB) Establishing the OECS Economic Union was signed on 18 June 2010 in St. Lucia, during the 51st Meeting of the Authority of Heads of Government of OECS members States. The RTB establishes the OECS Economic Union, a single financial and economic space within which goods, services, people, and capital move freely, monetary and fiscal policies are harmonized, and countries continue to adopt a common approach to trade, health, education, and environment, as well as to sectoral development in agriculture, tourism and energy. The Revised Treaty of Basseterre has been ratified by all OECS WTO Members; it entered into force on 21 January 2011, when five of six members States completed ratification, and replaces the original OECS Treaty of 1981.

(...) The bilateral FTA with China, in force since 1 July 2014, comprises 16 chapters covering trade in goods and services, including customs procedures and trade facilitation, trade remedies, investment promotion, transparency in government procurement, environmental issues and dispute settlement. (...)

(...) Further, to increase energy security, Turkey intends to increase electricity generation from domestic coal production. The Renewable Energy Sources (RES) Law No. 5346 provides purchasing guarantees to electricity produced from certain renewable resources at differentiated prices for a period of 10 years.

Fruit and vegetable processing industry is important as Macedonian processed products, especially traditional and ecological have a good reputation in the region and the EU countries.

Table A3.2 Contingency measures, January 2007-November 2014
Partner affected Initiation of investigation Imposition of measures Withdrawn Product description Sector
Canada 12-Aug-10 11-May-11 Biodiesel Other
United States 25-Nov-11 23-Feb-13 Bioethanol Chemical and allied
Argentina 29-Aug-12 26-Nov-13 Biodiesel Other
Indonesia 29-Aug-12 26-Nov-13 Biodiesel Other
China 06-Sep-12 06-Dec-13 Solar panels (crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules and key components) Electronics
China 28-Feb-13 15-May-14 Solar glass Other
United States 13-Jun-08 10-Jul-09 Biodiesela Other
Canada 12-Aug-10 11-May-11 Biodiesel Other
China 08-Nov-12 06-Dec-13 Solar panels (crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules and key components) Electronics
China 27-Apr-13 15-May-14 Solar glass Other
United States 13-Jun-08 10-Jul-09 Biodiesel Other

Table 2.1 Principal trade-related laws, January 2018
Area Law (year of promulgation and the date of last amendment)
(…)
Energy (…) Renewable Energy Development Act promulgated in 08.07.2009

Table 2.1 Major trade-related laws and regulations, June 2016
Legislation Most recent amendment
Services and energy
Law Concerning the Measures by Large Scale Retail Stores for Preservation of the Living Environment (1998 Law No. 91) 2000
(...)

For many developing countries, the promotion of organic farming or fair trade products provides a good opportunity to penetrate agricultural markets in Switzerland and the EU. It also helps to increase the local value added of basic and processed agricultural products. In Switzerland, high-quality regional specialities with acknowledged properties are also a good trade outlet. This is why trade-related cooperation projects aim to improve market access for such niche products. In addition, Switzerland is taking further steps to promote sustainable development in mass markets. Minimum social and environmental criteria are defined in agreement with representatives of interest groups in the various links in the value-creation chain (producers in developing countries, representatives of wholesalers, retailers and the agri-food industry) and with non-governmental organizations. In an effort to increase the use and the impact of such private voluntary standards, Switzerland supports initiatives intended to provide better information on the various standards, to improve and harmonize tools for training producers regarding the various standards and to involve decision-makers in emerging and developing countries more closely in the international discussions on such standards. Along the same lines, Switzerland supports the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and the United Nations Global Compact so as to expand the respective networks in emerging countries and, thereby, respond better to local needs in relation to sustainable management and reporting.

Table 3.7 Active export-related SROs (Special Regulatory Orders)
1. SRO number: (I)/2010
Title and products covered: Imposing of regulatory duty at the rate of 25% ad valorem on export of waste and scrap of copper and aluminium and on bars, rods, ingots, slabs, and billets
Issue date: 13-03-2010

2. SRO number: 594(I)/2009
Title and products covered: Regulatory duty at the rate of 25% ad valorem levied on export of goods classifiable under the H.S. codes 78.02 (lead waste and scrap, 78.01 (unwrought lead), 78.06 (other articles of lead), 78.04 (lead plates etc.), 85.48 (waste and scrap of primary cells, batteries etc.)
Issue date: 25-06-2009
(...)
4. SRO number: 482(I)/2007
Title and products covered: Regulatory 25% duty on ferrous and non-ferrous waste and scrap
Issue date: 09-06-2007
(...)

Table 2.1 Main trade related laws and decrees
Topic Main laws
(...)
Energy (...)
• Law No. 2.748/05 on the promotion of biofuel
(...)